Function
ABCC2, an ATP-dependent transporter belonging to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family, actively transports various substrates across cell membranes. This transport process is powered by the hydrolysis of ATP. ABCC2 is responsible for the transport of numerous compounds, including drugs, toxicants, and endogenous molecules. It specifically transports a wide range of conjugated organic anions, such as sulfate-, glucuronide-, and glutathione (GSH)-conjugates of both endogenous and exogenous substrates. This transporter plays a critical role in bilirubin detoxification by mediating the hepatobiliary excretion of mono- and bis-glucuronidated bilirubin molecules. Additionally, it mediates the hepatobiliary excretion of other glucuronide conjugates, such as 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid and leukotriene C4. ABCC2 also transports sulfated bile salts, such as taurolithocholate sulfate. Its transport function extends to various anticancer drugs, including anthracyclines, vinca alkaloids, and methotrexate, as well as HIV-drugs like protease inhibitors. Moreover, ABCC2 confers resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, including cisplatin, doxorubicin, epirubicin, methotrexate, etoposide, and vincristine.