ADFP Human
Description
Introduction to ADFP Human
Adipocyte differentiation-related protein (ADFP), also known as adipophilin or perilipin 2, is a protein that plays a crucial role in lipid droplet (LD) formation and maintenance within cells. It is a key component in various tissues, including adipose tissue, liver, muscle, and mammary glands. ADFP Human is a recombinant form of this protein, produced in Escherichia coli and used in research to study its functions and implications in health and disease.
Structure and Properties of ADFP Human
ADFP Human is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 444 amino acids, with a molecular mass of approximately 49 kDa . This recombinant protein is used in scientific research to explore its role in lipid metabolism and its potential impact on diseases such as obesity, fatty liver, and atherosclerosis.
Functions of ADFP
ADFP is recognized as a universal marker for intracellular lipid droplets across different tissues. It plays a significant role in sequestering triglycerides within lipid droplets, which is crucial for maintaining cellular lipid homeostasis. In the liver, ADFP and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) have complementary roles in triglyceride storage and secretion .
Role in Different Tissues:
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Liver: ADFP is a major determinant of triglyceride content in the liver, influencing lipid storage and secretion .
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Muscle: In skeletal muscle, ADFP is involved in protecting against insulin resistance by sequestering fatty acids .
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Mammary Gland: ADFP is a key protein in milk fat globule formation, providing essential fatty acids for newborns .
Research Findings and Implications
Research on ADFP has shown its potential involvement in atherosclerosis. Studies using ADFP-deficient mice suggest that reducing ADFP expression may decrease atherosclerotic lesion development . Additionally, ADFP's role in lipid droplet formation and maintenance makes it a target for understanding and managing lipid-related diseases.
Data Table: ADFP Functions Across Tissues
References Wikipedia. Adenosine diphosphate. Regulation of Triglyceride Metabolism. III. Emerging role of lipid droplet protein ADFP. Journal of Military and Veterans' Health. PubChem. Adenosine-5'-diphosphate. Emerging Role of Lipid Droplet Protein ADFP in Health and Disease. A Vision for the Future - IIE. ADFP Protein Human Recombinant | Perilipin 2 - Prospec Bio. Radiogenomic Assessment of ADFP in Low WHO/ISUP Grade Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.
Product Specs
MKHHHHHHAS VAVDPQPSVV TRVVNLPLVS STYDLMSSAY LSTKDQYPYL KSVCEMAENG VKTITSVAMT SALPIIQKLE PQIAVANTYA CKGLDRIEER LPILNQPSTQ IVANAKGAVT GAKDAVTTTV TGAKDSVAST ITGVMDKTKG AVTGSVEKTK SVVSGSINTV LGSRMMQLVS SGVENALTKS ELLVEQYLPL TEEELEKEAK KVEGFDLVQK PSYYVRLGSL STKLHSRAYQ QALSRVKEAK QKSQQTISQL HSTVHLIEFA RKNVYSANQK IQDAQDKLYL SWVEWKRSIG YDDTDESHCA EHIESRTLAI ARNLTQQLQT TCHTLLSNIQ GVPQNIQDQA KHMGVMAGDI YSVFRNAASF KEVSDSLLTS SKGQLQKMKE SLDDVMDYLV NNTPLNWLVG PFYPQLTESQ NAQDQGAEMD KSSQETQRSEHKTH.
Product Science Overview
ADRP is a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 444 amino acids, with a molecular mass of approximately 49 kDa . The protein contains an extra 8 amino acid His tag at the N-terminus when produced recombinantly in E. coli . The amino acid sequence of ADRP is identical to the UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry Q99541 amino acids 4–437 .
ADRP is primarily associated with lipid droplets in various cell types, including adipocytes, hepatocytes, and macrophages. It plays a significant role in the formation and stabilization of lipid droplets, which are essential for lipid storage and metabolism. The expression of ADRP is upregulated during adipocyte differentiation, making it a marker for this process .
In addition to its role in lipid storage, ADRP is involved in several physiological and pathological processes:
- Lipid Metabolism: ADRP facilitates the accumulation of lipids within cells, contributing to energy storage and lipid homeostasis.
- Cellular Differentiation: ADRP expression is one of the initial indicators of adipocyte differentiation. It is also expressed in lipid droplets of vitamin A-storing hepatic stellate cells and steatotic hepatocytes .
- Disease Association: ADRP expression has been linked to various diseases, including clear cell renal carcinoma and conditions involving lipid metabolism disorders .
The expression of ADRP is regulated by several factors, including hormonal signals and transcription factors. For instance, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) are key transcription factors that upregulate ADRP expression during adipogenesis .
Human recombinant ADRP is produced in E. coli and purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques. The recombinant protein is typically lyophilized from a solution containing 20mM Tris pH-7.5 and 20mM NaCl . It is available in various quantities for research purposes and is used to study lipid metabolism, adipocyte differentiation, and related biological processes.
