AGP14 Antibody

Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein (AGP) and Antibody Interactions

Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), also known as orosomucoid, is an acute-phase protein involved in modulating inflammation and immune responses. While AGP itself is not an antibody, it interacts with antibodies and has diagnostic/prognostic applications:

• Role in Inflammation: AGP levels rise during chronic inflammation and correlate with conditions like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and stroke .

• Diagnostic Use: A lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for AGP quantification demonstrated strong correlation with reference methods (serum: R = 0.97; saliva: R = 0.93) .

Table 1: Clinical Applications of AGP

IgG4 Antibodies and Their Pathophysiological Roles

IgG4 antibodies, a subclass of immunoglobulins, share structural similarities with other antibodies and have unique functional properties:

• Blocking Activity: IgG4 inhibits immune effector responses via Fab-arm exchange, reducing inflammation in allergies but promoting tolerance in autoimmune diseases .

• Therapeutic Use: Engineered IgG4 antibodies (e.g., anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies) are used in cancer immunotherapy due to their reduced inflammatory side effects .

Anti-RGS14 Antibody (N133/21)

While not named "AGP14," the Anti-RGS14 Antibody (Product 75-170) targets Regulator of G-protein Signaling 14 (RGS14), a protein implicated in neurological disorders:

• Applications:

  • Western Blot: Dilution 1:1000 .

  • Immunohistochemistry: Validated in mouse, rat, and human brain tissues .

• Research Findings:

  • RGS14 is highly expressed in hippocampal CA2 neurons and regulates synaptic plasticity .

  • Altered RGS14 levels are linked to schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease .

Table 2: Anti-RGS14 Antibody in Peer-Reviewed Studies

HIV-Specific Antibodies and Effector Functions

Though unrelated to AGP14, studies on HIV-specific antibodies highlight mechanisms relevant to antibody engineering:

• ADCC Activity: Afucosylated anti-HIV antibodies enhance NK cell-mediated killing of infected cells at low antigen density .

• Latent Reservoir Clearance: IgG antibodies from HIV long-term non-progressors reduce reactivated viral reservoirs by 62.5% .