AHL13 Antibody

AHL13 Protein Overview

AHL13 is a chromatin-associated DNA-binding protein involved in plant immune responses. Key characteristics include:

• Domains: Contains two AT-hook motifs for DNA binding and a plant-prokaryote conserved (PPC) domain for nuclear localization and protein-protein interactions .

• Function: Regulates jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, defense gene expression, and resistance to pathogens like Pseudomonas syringae and Botrytis cinerea .

• Phosphorylation: Targeted by MAPKs (MPK3, MPK4, MPK6), with phosphorylation at residues S109 and S376 stabilizing the protein and enhancing its immune regulatory functions .

Research Applications of AHL13 Antibody

While the provided sources do not explicitly describe commercial AHL13 antibodies, studies infer their use through methodologies such as:

• Immunoblotting: Detecting AHL13-GFP fusion proteins in transgenic Arabidopsis lines (e.g., ahl13-1 Pro35S::AHL13-GFP) .

• Phosphoproteomics: Identifying MAPK-dependent phosphorylation sites on AHL13 .

• Mutant Analysis: Validating AHL13 knockout (ahl13-1) and overexpression phenotypes .

Immune Response Regulation

• Pathogen Resistance:

  Pathogen	Phenotype in ahl13-1	Mechanism
  Pst hrcC−	Enhanced susceptibility	Reduced ROS production and defense gene expression
  B. cinerea	Increased resistance	Upregulation of JA biosynthesis genes (AOC1, LOX2)

• Transcriptional Regulation: AHL13 modulates promoters of JA-related genes (AOC1, LOX2, LOX4) and MYB transcription factors linked to ROS homeostasis .

Phosphorylation Dynamics

• MAPK Substrate: Phosphorylation by MPK3/4/6 stabilizes AHL13, preventing proteasomal degradation .

• Structural Impact: Phosphorylation at S109/S376 alters surface charge, potentially enhancing DNA binding or protein interactions .

Experimental Validation

• Mutant Lines:

  • ahl13-1 (SALK_014014): Disrupted gene expression, compromised flg22-induced ROS, and defense gene activation .

  • Complementation (C8) and overexpression (OE2) lines restored WT immune responses .

• Transcriptome Data: RNA-seq revealed AHL13’s role in suppressing JA biosynthesis under non-stress conditions, balancing growth and defense .

Implications for Plant Immunity

AHL13 bridges MAPK signaling to chromatin-level immune regulation. Its phosphorylation status determines:

• Protein stability and DNA-binding efficiency.

• Crosstalk between JA and salicylic acid pathways during pathogen challenges .