ahr-1 Antibody
Description
Introduction to AHR and AHR Antibodies
AHR is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix/PER-ARNT-SIM (bHLH/PAS) transcription factor family. It binds planar aromatic hydrocarbons like 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), triggering nuclear translocation and heterodimerization with ARNT (AhR nuclear translocator) to regulate genes such as CYP1A1 . Antibodies targeting AHR are indispensable tools for detecting its expression, activation state, and interactions in cellular and tissue contexts.
Functional Roles
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Xenobiotic Metabolism: Activates cytochrome P450 enzymes (e.g., CYP1A1) to metabolize environmental toxins .
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Immune Regulation: Modulates PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), influencing immunotherapy response .
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Cell Cycle and Apoptosis: Interacts with E2F1 to suppress TP73 and Apaf1, blocking apoptosis .
Key Techniques
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Western Blot (WB): Detects AHR at ~96–110 kDa in human, mouse, and rat tissues .
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Immunohistochemistry (IHC): Localizes AHR in paraffin-embedded brain tissues (rat/mouse) .
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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP): Identifies AHR binding to the PD-L1 promoter .
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Immunoprecipitation (IP): Studies AHR-HSP90 complexes in cytoplasmic/nuclear fractions .
Case Study: NSCLC and Immunotherapy
Nuclear AHR (AhR N) combined with membranous PD-L1 (PD-L1 M) predicts improved progression-free survival (PFS) in NSCLC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) .
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Hazard Ratios: AhR NPD-L1 M (HR: 0.0831) outperforms PD-L1 alone (HR: 0.226) .
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Mechanism: AHR directly binds the PD-L1 promoter, driving transcription .
Disease Associations
Therapeutic Targets
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CK2 Phosphorylation: ARNT isoform 1 phosphorylation at S77 enhances AHR target gene expression (e.g., CYP1A1), a process dependent on AhR ligand activation .
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Biomarker Potential: AhR NPD-L1 M status is a cost-effective biomarker for ICI response .
Validation Metrics
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Specificity: MA1-514 detects AHR in wild-type HeLa cells but not AHR-knockout lines .
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Cross-Reactivity: Clone 17840-1-AP validates across human, mouse, and rat samples .
Observed vs. Calculated Molecular Weight
| Antibody | Calculated MW | Observed MW |
|---|---|---|
| 17840-1-AP | 96 kDa | 105–110 kDa |
| NB100-2289 | 90–105 kDa | 74 kDa (Simple Western) |
Note: Discrepancies arise from post-translational modifications .
Product Specs
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Target Background
- These findings expand on previous research showing the regulation of gcy family gene expression by AHR-1, further suggesting its role in controlling the expression of a neuropeptide gene and pseudogenes. PMID: 24463456
- aha-1 and ahr-1 genes operate genetically upstream of cam-1. CAM-1, a membrane-bound receptor tyrosine kinase, is expressed on both BDU and PLM cells, likely functioning as a Wnt antagonist. PMID: 23825972
- In ahr-1 mutants, alterations in fatty acid composition and gene expression profiles have been observed. PMID: 20045492
- The research indicates that the AHR-1:AHA-1 transcription complex, in conjunction with other intrinsic and external factors, directs the differentiation of specific neuronal subtypes. PMID: 15136141
- Our findings conclude that the AHR-1:AHA-1 transcription complex regulates the expression of soluble guanylate cyclase genes and other unidentified genes that are essential for the acute regulation of aggregation behavior. PMID: 16919260
