ANR1 Antibody

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Description

ANT1 Antibody (Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 1)

ANT1 antibodies target adenine nucleotide translocase 1, a mitochondrial inner membrane protein critical for ATP/ADP exchange. Key findings include:

PropertyDetails
FunctionRegulates mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis via mPTP formation .
ApplicationsWestern blot (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), ELISA .
Key Research Findings- ANT1 conformation changes influence cisplatin resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma .
- NF-κB signaling represses ANT1 transcription, impairing mitochondrial function .
Commercial AvailabilityCatalog numbers: bs-9567R (Bioss), ab290021 (Abcam), 17796-1-AP (Proteintech) .

ANXA1 Antibody (Annexin A1)

ANXA1 antibodies target an immunomodulatory protein overexpressed in cancers. Highlights include:

PropertyDetails
Therapeutic RelevanceMDX-124 (humanized IgG1) inhibits ANXA1-FPR1/2 interaction, reducing cancer cell proliferation .
BiodistributionMutated ANXA1 antibodies show altered liver/spleen uptake due to Fc modifications .
Clinical ImpactHigh ANXA1 correlates with poor survival in pancreatic and triple-negative breast cancers .

Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) Antibody

While not "ANR1," Anti-NRG1 antibodies (e.g., ANR-111) target extracellular epitopes of Neuregulin-1:

PropertyDetails
Biological RoleRegulates cardiac survival, neural plasticity, and oncogenesis .
Pathological LinksNRG1 mutations are associated with schizophrenia and heart disease .
Technical SpecificationsReactivity: Human, mouse, rat; Applications: WB, IHC .

Recommendations for Clarification

If "ANR1" refers to:

  1. ANT1: Focus on mitochondrial transport and apoptosis mechanisms.

  2. ANXA1: Investigate therapeutic antibodies like MDX-124.

  3. NRG1: Review neural/cardiac applications of ANR-111.

Product Specs

Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% ProClin 300; Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Lead Time
14-16 weeks (Made-to-order)
Synonyms
ANR1 antibody; AGL44 antibody; At2g14210 antibody; F15N24.5MADS-box transcription factor ANR1 antibody; Protein AGAMOUS-LIKE 44 antibody; Protein ARABIDOPSIS NITRATE REGULATED 1 antibody
Target Names
ANR1
Uniprot No.

Target Background

Function
ANR1 is a probable transcription factor crucial for root plasticity in response to nitrate (NO3-). It promotes lateral root growth in a manner dependent on NRT1.1.
Gene References Into Functions
Further research indicates: 1. ANR1 overexpression accelerates early seedling development. (PMID: 22523192) 2. In hydroponically grown Arabidopsis, ANR1 root expression is specifically regulated by nitrogen (N) supply; it's induced by N deprivation and rapidly repressed upon N resupply. (PMID: 16021502) 3. A nitrate-dependent component exists within the ANR1 signaling pathway. (PMID: 16339770)
Database Links

KEGG: ath:AT2G14210

STRING: 3702.AT2G14210.1

UniGene: At.126

Subcellular Location
Nucleus.
Tissue Specificity
Specifically expressed in roots, mostly in lateral roots (LR) primordia, young emerging LRs, apex and base of LRs, apex of the primary root, and in the stele. Barely detectable in shoots.

Q&A

Given the context of "ANR1 Antibody" and focusing on academic research scenarios, here is a collection of FAQs tailored to reflect the depth of scientific research, distinguish between basic and advanced questions, and provide methodological answers.

Data Interpretation and Contradiction Analysis

Q: How can I analyze and resolve contradictions in data obtained using the ANR1 antibody across different experiments? A:

  • Consistency Across Batches: Ensure that the same batch of antibody is used across experiments to minimize variability .

  • Control Experiments: Include appropriate controls to validate the specificity of the antibody. This may involve using blocking peptides or alternative detection methods .

  • Statistical Analysis: Use robust statistical methods to compare results across experiments. Consider factors like sample size and experimental conditions .

Advanced Research Questions: Cross-Reactivity and Specificity

Q: How can I assess the specificity and potential cross-reactivity of the ANR1 antibody with other proteins? A:

  • Western Blotting: Use Western blotting to assess specificity by examining the antibody's reactivity against a panel of proteins, including the target and potential cross-reactive proteins .

  • Immunoprecipitation: Perform immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry to identify proteins that interact with the antibody, helping to assess specificity and potential cross-reactivity .

Methodological Considerations for Antibody Validation

Q: What methods should I use to validate the ANR1 antibody for specific applications like immunofluorescence? A:

  • Immunofluorescence Validation: Validate the antibody by checking its performance in immunofluorescence assays. Ensure that the antibody specifically stains the target protein in cells or tissues .

  • Knockdown/Knockout Controls: Use cells or tissues where the target protein is knocked down or knocked out to confirm specificity .

Collaboration and Resource Sharing

Q: How can I effectively collaborate with other researchers to share data and optimize ANR1 antibody protocols? A:

  • Open Communication: Engage in open communication with colleagues to share protocols, results, and challenges encountered with the ANR1 antibody .

  • Review Sites and Forums: Utilize online forums and review sites where researchers can share feedback on antibody performance and optimization strategies .

Advanced Techniques for Enhancing Antibody Performance

Q: What advanced techniques can be employed to enhance the performance of the ANR1 antibody in challenging samples? A:

  • Antibody Engineering: Consider engineering the antibody to improve its affinity or specificity. This might involve mutations that enhance binding to the target protein .

  • Conjugation Techniques: Use conjugation techniques to link the antibody with fluorescent or enzymatic tags that enhance detection sensitivity in challenging samples .

Troubleshooting Common Issues

Q: How can I troubleshoot common issues encountered when using the ANR1 antibody, such as low signal or non-specific binding? A:

  • Optimize Concentration: Adjust the antibody concentration to optimize signal-to-noise ratio. Higher concentrations may increase non-specific binding .

  • Blocking Conditions: Modify blocking conditions to reduce non-specific binding. This might involve changing the blocking buffer composition or incubation time .

Integrating ANR1 Antibody into Complex Assays

Q: How can I integrate the ANR1 antibody into more complex assays, such as multiplex immunofluorescence? A:

  • Fluorophore Selection: Choose fluorophores that have minimal spectral overlap to avoid cross-talk between channels .

  • Sequential Staining: Perform sequential staining with careful washing steps to minimize cross-reactivity between antibodies .

Regulatory Compliance and Documentation

Q: What documentation and regulatory compliance should I ensure when using the ANR1 antibody in research studies? A:

  • Batch Numbers and Lot Tracking: Document batch numbers and lot tracking information for the antibody to ensure reproducibility and traceability .

  • Compliance with Guidelines: Adhere to journal guidelines for reporting antibody use, including details on application and experimental conditions .

Future Directions and Emerging Technologies

Q: How might emerging technologies, such as single-cell analysis or CRISPR, impact the use of the ANR1 antibody in future research? A:

  • Single-Cell Analysis: The ANR1 antibody could be integrated into single-cell analysis platforms to study the target protein at the single-cell level, offering insights into cellular heterogeneity .

  • CRISPR-Cas9: Use CRISPR-Cas9 to generate knockout cells for validating antibody specificity or studying the function of the target protein .

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