AOX3 Antibody

Introduction to AOX3 Antibody

AOX3 (Aldehyde Oxidase 3) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and drugs containing aromatic azaheterocyclic substituents, with roles in regulating reactive oxygen species . The AOX3 antibody is a research tool designed to detect and study this enzyme, enabling insights into its biochemical functions, cellular localization, and potential therapeutic applications. This article synthesizes available data on AOX3 antibodies, their characteristics, and research findings.

AOX3 Antibody: Functional Overview

AOX3 antibodies are primarily used in molecular biology to study protein expression, subcellular localization, and enzymatic activity. While specific data on AOX3 antibodies is limited, related research on acyl-CoA oxidase isozymes (e.g., AOX1, AOX2, AOX3) provides context on their biochemical roles .

Key Features of AOX3 Antibodies

Research Applications of AOX3 Antibodies

AOX3 antibodies are critical for studying enzymatic activity in metabolic pathways. For example:

• Xenobiotic Metabolism: AOX3 catalyzes the oxidation of aromatic azaheterocyclic compounds, a process monitored via antibody-based assays to assess enzyme activity .

• Genome Editing: CRISPR-associated gRNA + Cas9 constructs targeting AOX3 enable knockout studies to probe its role in drug metabolism and ROS regulation .

• Protein Localization: Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) with AOX3 antibodies can map its distribution in tissues or cell lines .

4.1. Confusion with AOC3 Antibodies

AOC3 (Amine Oxidase, Copper Containing 3) is a distinct enzyme with overlapping nomenclature but different functions. Antibodies for AOC3 (e.g., DF6745 from Affinity Biosciences) target a copper-dependent enzyme involved in vascular adhesion and amine oxidation . Researchers must ensure specificity when selecting antibodies.

Experimental Insights from Related Research

While direct AOX3 antibody data is scarce, studies on acyl-CoA oxidase isozymes provide indirect insights:

• Substrate Specificity: AOX3 preferentially oxidizes short-chain fatty acids, unlike AOX2 (long-chain) or AOX5 (broad specificity) .

• Antibody Cross-Reactivity: Anti-Aox3 antibodies may cross-react with structurally similar proteins (e.g., Aox5), necessitating validation in Western blots .

Future Directions

To advance AOX3 research, the development of high-specificity antibodies is critical. Potential avenues include:

1. Antibody Engineering: Designing monoclonal antibodies with defined epitopes to avoid cross-reactivity .

2. Therapeutic Applications: Exploring AOX3 inhibition for modulating drug metabolism or oxidative stress .