APEM9 Antibody

Overview of APEM9 Antibody

APEM9 (ABERRANT PEROXISOME MORPHOLOGY9) is a peroxisomal membrane protein critical for protein transport and peroxisome biogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Antibodies targeting APEM9 are essential tools for studying its localization, interactions, and functional roles in plant cell biology. These antibodies enable researchers to investigate APEM9's involvement in peroxisomal matrix protein import, embryo development, and interactions with AAA-ATPase complexes like PEX1-PEX6 .

Role in Peroxisomal Protein Transport

APEM9 antibodies have been instrumental in demonstrating that APEM9:

• Localizes to peroxisomal membranes, forming ring-like structures around the matrix .

• Interacts with PEX6, facilitating its peroxisomal membrane localization (Figure 4D in ).

• Is required for PTS1-dependent protein transport; defects in APEM9 disrupt β-oxidation and photomorphogenesis .

Mutant Phenotype Analysis

• apem9 mutants exhibit embryonic lethality, defective peroxisomal protein import, and stunted growth .

• APEM9 antibodies confirmed that the G278E mutation disrupts peroxisomal localization, leading to cytosolic accumulation of APEM9 .

Validation and Quality Standards

High-quality APEM9 antibodies must meet stringent criteria:

• Specificity: No cross-reactivity with unrelated peroxisomal proteins (e.g., PEX13, PEX12) or cytosolic contaminants .

• Performance Data: Aeonian Rating® ≥70, with evidence from WB, IF, or genetic knockout experiments .

• Reproducibility: Consistent results across independent studies, such as peroxisomal membrane localization assays .

Challenges and Considerations

• Low Sequence Homology: APEM9 shares <20% amino acid identity with mammalian/yeast homologs (e.g., Pex26, Pex15p), necessitating species-specific antibody design .

• Expression Variability: Transient overexpression systems may require titration to avoid artifacts in localization studies .