APOD Antibody

1. Research indicates that ApoD plays a crucial role in myelin maturation by regulating the removal of the sialic-rich hydrophilic glycocalyx, thereby maintaining the functional integrity of lysosomes. A detailed analysis of the mechanism reveals that ApoD influences the proper localization of Neu1 and plasma membrane Neu3, as well as the membrane-bound Fyn kinase. PMID: 29222871
2. These findings provide further mechanistic insights into the neuroprotective effects of ApoD in neurodegenerative conditions. PMID: 27271124
3. This study demonstrated that ApoD is primarily located in glial cells, while ApoJ expression predominantly occurs in neurons within the brains of patients with Alzheimer's Disease. PMID: 27197790
4. ApoD expression does not appear to be a reliable predictor of recurrence in patients treated with tamoxifen. This study effectively eliminates ApoD as a previously suggested marker for recurrence among tamoxifen-treated women. PMID: 28301514
5. The high rate of APOD expression observed in high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and cancer, coupled with its absence in the majority of morphologically normal glands, makes it a valuable additional marker in the differential diagnosis of prostatic neoplasms. PMID: 27804940
6. These findings provide a viable solution for the production of recombinant ApoD protein, addressing previous challenges in generating soluble and functional ApoD protein. PMID: 26826316
7. The levels of apoD protein exhibit variability across different regions of the brain. PMID: 26829325
8. Data suggest that the presence of ApoD within the nucleus, which some researchers associate with specific transport functions, is a consequence of structural and functional alterations during oxidative stress. PMID: 25953740
9. Hepatic steatosis observed in apoD transgenic mice is a consequence of increased PPARgamma transcriptional activity by arachidonic acid (AA), leading to enhanced fatty acid uptake by the liver. PMID: 26083030
10. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7659 within the APOD gene might be associated with the risk and severity of ischemic stroke in patients. PMID: 25261976
11. ApoD mediates the binding of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and to growing T24 carcinomas, highlighting the importance of ApoD in lipid metabolism. PMID: 25513803
12. The internalization of ApoD is facilitated by basigin. PMID: 25918162
13. ApoE is located in the nucleus and on the ApoD promoter in human hepatic and glioblastoma cell lines. PMID: 23715769
14. Rs7659, a 3' UTR polymorphism of the APOD gene, was associated with early-onset Alzheimer disease in the APOEepsilon4 (-) subgroup. These findings suggest that variations in the APOD gene influence the risk of Alzheimer disease. PMID: 23690001
15. ApoD mRNA expression is observed in the whole endometrium, stromal, and epithelial cells during the secretory phase, as well as after hormonal stimulation in vitro. PMID: 23895740
16. Research suggests that strong brainstem expression of ApoD throughout adulthood contributes to resistance against neurodegenerative diseases and age-related degeneration, potentially by preventing oxidative stress and subsequent lipid peroxidation. PMID: 24167586
17. ApoD serves as a marker for the initial stages of colorectal cancer progression. PMID: 23296401
18. Data indicate that ApoD binds various lyophilic ligands, including retinoic acid, retinol, fatty acids, sphingomyelin, and anandamide. ApoD effectively delivers retinoic acid to immature neuronal cell lines, leading to neurogenesis (i.e., neurite formation). PMID: 23777559
19. Molecular dynamics analysis of apolipoprotein-D-lipid hydroperoxide interactions elucidates the mechanism for selective oxidation of Met-93. PMID: 22479522
20. Our findings indicate that ApoD expression is influenced by age, Braak stage, and sex. PMID: 21429623
21. Endothelial cells downregulate apolipoprotein D expression in mural cells through paracrine secretion and Notch3 signaling. PMID: 21705670
22. Increased JNK1 activation in the apocrine cells from axillary osmidrosis contributes to the elevated expression of ApoD. PMID: 21526344
23. A strong relationship exists between gestational diabetes and APOD expression in the placenta, possibly reflecting its suggested role in defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. PMID: 19944460
24. The decrease in plasma ApoD concentration during pregnancy is an adaptive response aimed at maintaining fetal lipid homeostasis. PMID: 19723339
25. Altered levels of ApoD may contribute to understanding the nature and potential mechanisms of phospholipid membrane pathology in schizophrenia. PMID: 12363390
26. Data suggest that the risk of Alzheimer disease among African-Americans may be influenced by genetic variations in APOD. PMID: 12497622
27. APOD is recognized as a senescence-associated gene in normal human oral keratinocytes. PMID: 12837283
28. Apolipoprotein D levels are elevated in the prefrontal cortex of individuals with Alzheimer's disease, suggesting a possible association with the cognitive decline observed in AD patients. PMID: 12873803
29. ApoD selectively modulates the proliferative response of vascular smooth muscle cells to growth factors through a mechanism related to the nuclear translocation of ERK1/2. PMID: 14551159
30. In a study comparing brains from Alzheimer's patients and controls, it was found that hippocampal apolipoprotein D levels are dependent on Braak stage and APOE genotype. PMID: 14596852
31. ApoD can be expressed or taken up by smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and can regulate their motility in response to growth factors. PMID: 15192024
32. The -352G allele was associated with a significant 3-fold increase in the risk of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.1-6.5). Haplotypes containing the -352G allele were more prevalent among early-onset Alzheimer's disease cases. PMID: 15316799
33. Elevated ApoD in the brains of AD patients may influence Abeta aggregation or facilitate the phagocytosis and transport of Abeta fibrils from plaques to the cerebral vasculature. PMID: 15916898
34. A study examining the presence of ApoD in the substantia nigra of control and Parkinson disease (PD) subjects revealed that dopaminergic neurons were not immunoreactive for ApoD, but surrounding glial cells showed immunostaining for ApoD, with signal increases in PD cases. PMID: 16437381
35. ApoD serves as a differentiating factor between superficial acral fibromyxoma and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. PMID: 17885669
36. Tumors positive for ApoD exhibited both significantly shorter relapse-free survival (across all locations) and decreased breast cancer-specific survival. PMID: 18330697
37. These observations, along with its transcriptional upregulation in the brain upon oxidative insult, identify ApoD as an acute response protein with a protective and beneficial function mediated by the control of peroxidated lipids. PMID: 18419796
38. ApoD and its orthologs play an evolutionarily conserved role in response to stress, potentially managing or preventing lipid peroxidation. PMID: 18458334
39. Logistic analysis revealed that both APOD rs5952 C and rs1568566 T alleles increase the risk of sporadic Alzheimer's disease. The rs5952T-rs1568566C haplotype displayed a lower risk. PMID: 18671953
40. ApoD plays a role in the regulation of inflammation. It may protect against human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43)-induced encephalitis, likely through phospholipase A2 signaling pathways. PMID: 18842892
41. A study demonstrated that ApoD expression was significantly elevated at both the mRNA and protein levels in human failing hearts compared to non-failing hearts. PMID: 18979643
42. Variations in ApoD expression levels and/or locations influence lipid and glucose metabolism, establishing ApoD as a potential target for insulin-resistance-related disorders. PMID: 19176353
43. Apolipoprotein D (APOD) and two additional transcripts were significantly upregulated by dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in scrotum fibroblasts. PMID: 19330472
44. ApoD expression increases throughout life in the human prefrontal cortex. PMID: 19519777

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HGNC: 612

OMIM: 107740

KEGG: hsa:347

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000345179

UniGene: Hs.522555