Function
ATP8B1 serves as a catalytic component of a P4-ATPase flippase complex. This complex catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP, coupling this process to the transport of phospholipids, particularly phosphatidylcholines (PC), from the outer to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. It plays a potential role in maintaining canalicular membrane integrity by ensuring the asymmetric distribution of phospholipids within the canalicular membrane. Consequently, ATP8B1 might be involved in regulating bile acid transport into the canaliculus, the uptake of bile acids from intestinal contents into intestinal mucosa, or both, providing protection to hepatocytes against bile salts. Additionally, ATP8B1 participates in microvillus formation in polarized epithelial cells, with its function seemingly independent of its flippase activity. It contributes to the correct apical membrane localization of CDC42, CFTR, and SLC10A2. Furthermore, ATP8B1 enables CDC42 clustering at the apical membrane during enterocyte polarization through interactions between CDC42's polybasic region and negatively charged membrane lipids provided by ATP8B1. Working in concert with TMEM30A, ATP8B1 participates in the uptake of the synthetic drug alkylphospholipid perifosine. It is crucial for preserving cochlear hair cells in the inner ear. Finally, ATP8B1 might act as a cardiolipin transporter during inflammatory injury.