Customize BT5 Antibody

Description

Several validated antibodies target integrin beta 5 (ITGB5), a transmembrane receptor subunit:

Product	Clone	Applications	Reactivity	Key Data
ab184312	EPR19170	WB	Human, Mouse, Rat	90 kDa observed vs 88 kDa predicted
MAB2528	P5H9	ICC/IF, Neutralization	Human-specific	Blocks αVβ5-vitronectin interaction
#3629	D24A5	WB, IP, IF	Cross-reactive (H,M,R,Mk)	90 kDa detection

These antibodies show distinct applications:

Cancer research: Detected in HT1080 fibrosarcoma lines
Immunofluorescence: 5% NFDM/TBST blocking buffer optimized
Species specificity: MAB2528 uniquely detects αVβ5 heterodimer

Drosophila Projectin Antibody (Unlikely Association)

A specialized antibody targeting Drosophila projectin (gene symbol bt) exists as clone P5-3B3 :

Characteristic	Specification
Host Species	Mouse
Isotype	IgG1
Applications	IF, IHC, WB
Antigen MW	743.5 kDa
Hybridoma	NS-1 myeloma

While scientifically valid, this antibody has no established connection to human therapeutic applications.

Research Gaps and Recommendations

Nomenclature Clarification: No "BT5 Antibody" exists in major repositories (cAb-Rep, OAS). Potential typographical errors require verification.
Therapeutic Candidates: BTLA inhibitors (TAB004) and integrin β5 blockers represent active research fronts with clinical relevance.
Technical Considerations:
- For BTLA studies: Use 1:1000 dilution in 5% NFDM/TBST buffer
- For αVβ5 detection: 10 µg/mL concentration optimal for ICC

Researchers should confirm target specificity through:

Epitope mapping: Essential given BTLA's structural complexity
Cross-validation: Compare with public repertoires (cAb-Rep, OAS)

Emerging Directions in Antibody Engineering

While not directly related to "BT5", adjacent innovations demonstrate field progress:

Technology	Application	Relevance
Bispecific Antibodies	HIV-1 neutralization	94-97% strain coverage via CrossMab format
Octet® BLI Platform	Affinity measurement	Enables fluidics-free bsAb characterization
Fab-arm Exchange	bsAb production	Achieves 98% purity via CH3 domain engineering

Product Specs

Buffer

Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS), pH 7.4

Form

Liquid

Lead Time

Made-to-order (14-16 weeks)

Synonyms

BT5 antibody; At4g37610 antibody; F19F18.100BTB/POZ and TAZ domain-containing protein 5 antibody; BTB and TAZ domain protein 5 antibody

Target Names

BT5

Uniprot No.

Q6EJ98

Target Background

Function

BT5 Antibody may function as a substrate-specific adapter within a Cullin 3-RING Box 1-BTB (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. This complex mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins.

Database Links

KEGG: ath:AT4G37610

STRING: 3702.AT4G37610.1

UniGene: At.28153

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm.

Tissue Specificity

Preferentially expressed in young leaves, roots and stems.

Q&A

Basic Research Questions

How does BT5 antibody function in bispecific therapeutic applications?

BT5 antibodies operate through dual-targeting mechanisms, binding to conserved viral epitopes (e.g., Spike N-terminal domain) and receptor-binding domains (RBDs) to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants . Methodologically:

Experimental design: Use surface plasmon resonance (SPR) or cryo-EM to validate binding kinetics and structural interactions .
Validation: Confirm neutralization efficacy via pseudovirus assays and in vivo models (e.g., murine lung viral load reduction assays) .

What are critical considerations for validating BT5 antibodies in Western blotting?

Specificity: Include positive/negative tissue controls and purified protein standards to confirm target detection .
Affinity testing: Optimize dilutions (e.g., 1:500–1:2000) in blocking buffers (5% BSA/TBST) .
Reproducibility: Validate across multiple batches using RRIDs to track antibody performance .

How to optimize BT5 antibody use in flow cytometry for cell population analysis?

Surface vs. intracellular staining: Permeabilize cells for intracellular targets; use in vivo grade antibodies for live-cell surface markers .
Fluorophore selection: Pair with low-autofluorescence conjugates (e.g., PE/Cy7) to minimize background .

Advanced Research Questions

How to resolve contradictions in BT5 antibody performance across experimental platforms?

Contradiction Source	Resolution Strategy
Variability in ELISA vs. Western blot	Re-evaluate epitope accessibility (native vs. denatured conditions) .
*Inconsistent in vivo* efficacy**	Assess pharmacokinetics (e.g., half-life, tissue penetration) and dosage thresholds .
Cross-reactivity in multiplex assays	Perform competitive binding assays with truncated antigens .

What structural insights guide BT5 antibody engineering for broader coronavirus neutralization?

NTD-RBD cooperativity: Cryo-EM structures reveal how BT5’s bispecific design stabilizes Spike protein conformations, enabling pan-coronavirus inhibition .
CDR loop engineering: Use AI tools like ABodyBuilder2 or IgFold to predict HCDR3 loop conformations for epitope optimization .

How can AI accelerate BT5 antibody development against evolving viral variants?

Paratope prediction: Apply Antibody Language Models (ALMs) like AntiBERTy to forecast escape mutations .
Multispecies validation: Train models on structural databases (e.g., SAbDab) to predict cross-reactivity with zoonotic coronaviruses .

Methodological Best Practices

Data contradiction analysis: Use Boolean minimization (α=2, β=1, θ=1) to identify irreproducible dependencies in antibody performance data .
Structural validation: Combine X-ray crystallography (resolution ≤2.5 Å) with molecular dynamics simulations to confirm epitope-paratope interactions .

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BT5 Antibody