PF4 antibodies are associated with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT). Key features include:
Property
Details
Target Antigen
Platelet factor 4 (PF4), a chemokine (CXCL4) released from platelet α-granules.
Pathological Role
Binds heparin to form PF4/heparin complexes, triggering immune-mediated thrombosis.
Clinical Relevance
Diagnostically linked to HIT and VITT; detected via ELISA or functional assays.
Commercial Availability
Anti-PF4 antibodies (e.g., PA1446) are used in research for Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Programmed Cell Death Protein 4 (PDCD4) Antibodies
PDCD4 antibodies, such as ab80590, are critical in cancer research:
Property
Details
Target Antigen
PDCD4, a tumor suppressor inhibiting translation initiation and neoplastic transformation.
Applications
Validated for WB, immunocytochemistry (ICC), flow cytometry, and IHC.
Validation Data
- WB: 51 kDa band in HeLa and HAP1 lysates; knockout controls confirm specificity. - IHC: Staining in human colon and breast cancer tissues at 1:3000 dilution.
Anti-PDCD4 Antibody (ab80590)
Mechanism: Inhibits EIF4A helicase activity, modulating JUN kinase and MAP4K1 pathways to suppress tumor invasion.
Clinical Utility: Linked to apoptosis regulation and biomarker potential in carcinomas.
Technical Performance:
Western Blot: Linear detection at 1:20,000 dilution with minimal background.
Flow Cytometry: Specific signal in permeabilized HeLa cells (1:1000 dilution).
Anti-PF4 Antibody (PA1446)
Immunogen: Synthetic peptide corresponding to human PF4 C-terminus.
Cross-Reactivity: Specific to human PF4; no cross-reactivity with other proteins.
Molecular Weight: Observed at ~50 kDa in WB, aligning with PF4 tetrameric structure.
Comparative Analysis of Related Antibodies
Antibody
Target
Applications
Key Clinical/Research Role
ab80590
PDCD4
WB, ICC, IHC, Flow Cyt
Tumor suppression, apoptosis regulation
PA1446
PF4
WB, IHC
HIT/VITT diagnostics, thrombosis research
AGS-1C4D4
PSCA
Phase I oncology trials
Metastatic prostate cancer targeting
Gaps and Ambiguities
Terminology: "PPC4" may represent a typographical error or proprietary designation absent from public databases.
Functional Overlaps: No antibodies directly named "PPC4" are documented in peer-reviewed literature. Research on PF4 or PDCD4 antibodies may provide indirect insights.
The PPC4 antibody targets an enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form oxaloacetate. Oxaloacetate is a crucial four-carbon dicarboxylic acid that serves as a substrate for the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.