Cathepsin H Antibody
Description
Characteristics of Cathepsin H Antibody
Cathepsin H antibodies vary in host species, isotype, and target specificity. Key properties include:
Key notes:
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Protein structure: Cathepsin H exists as a 41 kDa pro-form and matures into 28 kDa active enzyme via proteolytic processing .
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Cross-reactivity: Sheep-derived AF7516 shows 15% cross-reactivity with mouse CTSH , while rabbit antibodies (e.g., 10315-1-AP) target human, mouse, and rat .
Validation and Specificity
Experimental validation ensures antibody reliability:
Knockout Cell Line Studies
Western blotting using AF7516 demonstrated specific CTSH detection in HEK293T cells but not in CTSH knockout (KO) counterparts, confirming antibody specificity .
Activity Assays
In colorectal cancer, cathepsin H aminopeptidase activity was measured using enzyme-specific assays, showing elevated levels in tumors (10.9 ± 8.3 nmol/min/mg) vs. normal mucosa (8.46 ± 5.2 nmol/min/mg; P = 0.003) .
Applications in Research
Cathepsin H antibodies enable diverse experimental approaches:
Western Blotting
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Glioblastoma studies: Antibodies detected CTSH as a doublet (27 kDa and 25 kDa) in glioblastoma samples, correlating with tumor progression .
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Talin processing: In prostate cancer cells, rabbit polyclonal antibodies confirmed CTSH-mediated cleavage of talin, impacting integrin activation .
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Immunofluorescence (IF)
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Atherosclerosis: Rabbit polyclonal antibodies colocalized CTSH with enzymatically modified LDL (E-LDL) in lipid-rich atherosclerotic lesions, highlighting its role in plaque formation .
Tumor Progression and Invasion
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Glioblastoma: Elevated CTSH levels correlated with aggressive tumors, and antibody-mediated inhibition reduced Matrigel invasion in glioblastoma cell lines .
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Colorectal cancer: Increased CTSH activity in tumors vs. normal tissue suggests its role in metastasis .
Cellular Signaling
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Talin cleavage: CTSH processes talin’s N-terminal domain, modulating αvβ3-integrin activation and cell migration in prostate cancer .
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BMP-4 regulation: While not directly using antibodies, CTSH’s role in BMP-4 processing in human cell lines underscores its proteolytic versatility .
Table 1: Molecular Weight Variations
| Antibody | Observed MW | Protein Form |
|---|---|---|
| AF7516 | 28 kDa | Mature enzyme |
| 10315-1-AP | 28 kDa, 41 kDa | Mature and pro-form |
| E6L4W Rabbit mAb | 25 kDa | Cleavage variant |
Table 2: Enzyme Activity in Colorectal Cancer
| Tissue | Activity (nmol/min/mg) | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Normal mucosa | 8.46 ± 5.2 | Basal lysosomal activity |
| Colorectal cancer | 10.9 ± 8.3 | P = 0.003 (elevated) |
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
Cathepsin H (CatH) is a lysosomal cysteine protease with unique aminopeptidase activity. It plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including protein degradation, immune response, and cellular homeostasis . The mouse anti-human Cathepsin H antibody is a monoclonal antibody used in research to study the expression and function of CatH in human tissues and cells.
Cathepsin H belongs to the family of cysteine cathepsins, which are proteases mainly located in the endolysosomal compartment of cells . It has both aminopeptidase and endopeptidase activities, allowing it to cleave peptide bonds at the amino terminus of proteins and within the protein chain . This dual activity makes CatH a versatile enzyme involved in various cellular processes.
CatH is expressed in activated immune cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages, and microglia . It plays a critical role in the proteolytic maturation and stabilization of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), which is necessary for the production of interferon-beta (IFN-β) . IFN-β has neuroprotective effects and is involved in the immune response to viral infections .
The mouse anti-human Cathepsin H antibody is widely used in research to study the expression and function of CatH in various human tissues and cells. It is used in immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and western blotting to detect CatH protein levels and localization . This antibody is also used to investigate the role of CatH in diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and immune-related conditions .
Dysregulated CatH activity has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders . In cancer, CatH is involved in tumor progression and metastasis by promoting the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins and facilitating tumor cell invasion . In neurodegenerative disorders, CatH deficiency has been shown to impair TLR3-mediated activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), leading to reduced IFN-β production and increased neuronal cell death .
