This antibody is optimized for multiple experimental techniques:
Western Blotting (WB): Detects CBX4 at dilutions of 1:300–5000, suitable for analyzing protein expression in lysates.
Immunofluorescence (IF):
IHC-P (Paraffin): 1:50–200 dilution for imaging in fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.
IHC-F (Frozen): 1:50–200 dilution for cryosectioned samples.
ICC (Cell Culture): 1:50–200 dilution for live or fixed cells.
CBX4 functions as an E3 SUMO ligase, facilitating SUMO1 conjugation and regulating transcriptional repression via PRC1-mediated histone H2A ubiquitination . Its role in maintaining heterochromatin and silencing developmental genes (e.g., Hox genes) makes it a critical target for studying epigenetic regulation .
Recent studies (2022) demonstrate CBX4’s involvement in HIV-1 latency. CBX4 forms phase-separated nuclear condensates that co-localize with latent proviruses, recruiting SUMO4 and EZH2 (a PRC2 component) to enhance H3K27 methylation and viral silencing . Knockdown experiments in latently infected T-cells and Jurkat models reveal CBX4’s necessity for maintaining latency, with its depletion leading to viral reactivation .
The FITC-conjugated antibody enables fluorescent visualization of CBX4 in:
Imaging PRC1 localization: Tracking CBX4 bodies near viral DNA in latently infected cells .
Co-localization studies: Investigating interactions with PML nuclear bodies or other repressive complexes .
High-content screening: Quantifying CBX4 expression in response to latency-reversing agents (e.g., JQ-1, SAHA) .