CEBP Gamma Human
Description
Physiological Roles and Mechanisms
CEBP Gamma Human exhibits dual regulatory roles depending on cellular context and binding partners:
Oncogenic Roles in Human Cancers
CEBP Gamma Human is implicated in multiple malignancies through dysregulated proliferation and DNA repair pathways:
Key Research Findings
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Dual transcriptional roles: Acts as both activator and repressor depending on dimerization partners (e.g., activates with ATF4, represses with CEBPα)
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Metabolic regulation: Modulates lipid metabolism in adipocytes and hepatic cells
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Interindividual variability: Bronchial epithelial cells show 10-fold differences in CEBPG mRNA levels, linked to DNA repair capacity
Research Gaps and Future Directions
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Non-canonical functions: Potential transcription-independent roles remain unexplored
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Tissue-specific interactions: Functional redundancy with CEBPδ/ε in cardiovascular and immune systems requires clarification
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Therapeutic targeting: Limited progress in developing inhibitors despite oncogenic evidence
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of transcription factors that play crucial roles in regulating gene expression in various biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, metabolism, and immune responses. Among the C/EBP family, C/EBPγ (gamma) is a significant member known for its involvement in various cellular functions.
C/EBPγ is a protein encoded by the CEBPG gene. It belongs to the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family of transcription factors, characterized by a basic region involved in DNA binding and a leucine zipper motif involved in dimerization . C/EBPγ can form homodimers or heterodimers with other C/EBP family members, such as C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, and C/EBPδ . This dimerization is essential for its function as a transcription factor.
C/EBPγ binds to specific DNA sequences known as CCAAT/enhancer elements, which are present in the promoter and enhancer regions of target genes. By binding to these elements, C/EBPγ regulates the transcription of genes involved in various cellular processes, including immune responses, metabolism, and cell differentiation .
C/EBPγ plays a critical role in the regulation of immune responses. It has been shown to bind to the enhancer element PRE-I (positive regulatory element-I) of the IL-4 gene, which is involved in the immune response . Additionally, C/EBPγ is involved in the regulation of the immunoglobulin heavy chain and the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) gene .
In the context of cancer, C/EBPγ has been implicated in the regulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which are immunosuppressive cells that contribute to tumor progression and immune evasion . C/EBPγ, along with other C/EBP family members, modulates the differentiation and function of MDSCs within the tumor microenvironment .
Recombinant human C/EBPγ is a form of the protein that is produced using recombinant DNA technology. This involves inserting the gene encoding C/EBPγ into an expression system, such as bacteria or mammalian cells, to produce the protein in large quantities. Recombinant proteins are used in various research applications, including studying protein function, investigating protein-protein interactions, and developing therapeutic strategies.
Understanding the function and regulation of C/EBPγ is essential for developing therapeutic strategies for diseases where this protein plays a critical role. For instance, targeting C/EBPγ and its regulatory pathways could provide new approaches for cancer therapy, particularly in modulating the immune response within the tumor microenvironment .
