CHRM1 Antibody

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Description

Definition and Target Specificity

CHRM1 Antibodies are immunoglobulin reagents that bind selectively to epitopes on the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. These antibodies enable researchers to study receptor localization, expression levels, and functional roles in health and disease .

Research Applications

CHRM1 Antibodies are utilized in diverse experimental contexts:

  • Western Blot (WB): Detects CHRM1 as bands at ~70 kDa (glycosylated form) or ~55 kDa (A04081) .

  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC): Localizes CHRM1 in brain regions like the striatum, cortex, and hippocampus, showing enrichment in the striatal matrix but not patches .

  • Functional Studies: Used to investigate CHRM1’s role in apoptosis resistance via Gq/11 signaling .

Neurological Relevance

  • Alzheimer’s Disease: CHRM1 protein levels are reduced by >50% in hippocampal tissues of Alzheimer’s patients, correlating with cognitive decline .

  • Striatal Localization: CHRM1 is abundant in striatal matrix interneurons but absent in patches, suggesting compartment-specific roles in motor control .

Anti-Apoptotic Mechanism

CHRM1, alongside M3/M5 receptors, protects cells from DNA damage-induced apoptosis via a poly-basic motif in its C-terminus .

Validation and Specificity

  • Knockout Validation: Antibodies like AMR-001 show no reactivity in Chrm1⁻/⁻ mice, confirming specificity .

  • Negative Controls: Cerebellar tissues (low CHRM1 expression) validate antibody specificity in WB/IHC .

  • Blocking Peptide Preabsorption: Preincubation with antigenic peptides abolishes signal, confirming epitope targeting .

Technical Considerations

  • Storage: Lyophilized antibodies (e.g., A04081) are stable at -20°C for one year; reconstituted forms last one month at 4°C .

  • Protocols: Optimized dilution ratios range from 1:100 (IHC) to 1:5000 (secondary antibodies) .

Product Specs

Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Lead Time
Typically, we can ship your orders within 1-3 business days of receiving them. The delivery timeframe may vary depending on the shipping method and destination. For specific delivery times, please consult your local distributors.
Synonyms
CHRM1; Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1
Target Names
Uniprot No.

Target Background

Function
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) mediates a variety of cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides, and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. The primary transducing effect is Pi turnover.
Gene References Into Functions
  1. This research focused on the human mAChR1 receptor. A reliable model was developed using the mAChR3 as a template, along with a second, less reliable model based on the distant beta2-AR template. The second model was then utilized to create chimeras by combining the conformations of its Pro-containing helices (TM4, TM5, TM6, and TM7) resulting in 16 modeled chimeras. PMID: 27490167
  2. The discovery of a receptor homolog of human mAChR1 on Acanthamoeba, with future studies planned to demonstrate its expression and binding to cholinergic agonist and antagonist, could help clarify its role in the biology of this protist pathogen. PMID: 27601178
  3. Receptor Species-dependent Desensitization Controls KCNQ1/KCNE1 K+ Channels as Downstream Effectors of Gq Protein-coupled Receptors. ( PMID: 27834678
  4. No significant associations were found between CHRM1 SNPs and autonomic nervous system activity in patients with schizophrenia receiving high-dose antipsychotics. PMID: 27923235
  5. Variations in membrane cholesterol concentration differentially impact preferential and non-preferential M1 and M3 receptor signaling. PMID: 24821386
  6. The rs2067477 muscarinic M1 receptor genotype is associated with gray matter volume in schizophrenia. PMID: 26481978
  7. Crystal structures of the M1 and M4 muscarinic receptors bound to the inverse agonist, tiotropium. PMID: 26958838
  8. This study elucidates how affinity and cooperativity properties can be differentially modified on a common structural scaffold, identifying molecular features that can be leveraged to tailor the development of M1 mAChR-targeting PAMs. PMID: 25326383
  9. CHRM2, but not CHRM1 or CHRM3 polymorphisms, are associated with asthma susceptibility in Mexican patients. PMID: 24430298
  10. The levels were comparable for complexes containing GluR2, GluR3, and GluR4, as well as 5-HT1A. Additionally, the levels of complexes containing muscarinic AChR M1, NR1, and GluR1 were significantly increased in male patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). PMID: 24292102
  11. This research demonstrates that BQCA potentiates agonist-induced beta-arrestin recruitment to M1 mAChRs. PMID: 24753247
  12. In patients with schizophrenia, both cell body staining and elevated M1 muscarinic receptor reactivity correlated with higher symptom scores. PMID: 24636402
  13. Activation of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor augments the restitution of epithelial barrier function in T84 cell monolayers following ethanol-induced epithelial injury, through ERK-dependent phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase. PMID: 24365239
  14. Mutation of amino acid residues forming the orthosteric binding pocket resulted in a loss of carbachol response, which could be rescued by BQCA. PMID: 24443568
  15. Results indicate that downregulation of the cholinergic receptor M1 by histone H3K9me3 impairs calcium signaling and contributes to the pathogenesis of Huntington's disease. PMID: 23455440
  16. Decreased muscarinic M1 receptor radioligand binding is observed in the cerebral cortex of schizophrenic patients. PMID: 22338582
  17. M1-mAChRs function at both surface and intracellular sites in telencephalon neurons, including the hippocampus. PMID: 23678982
  18. The fluorescent compounds inherit bitopic properties from a linker-guided positioning of their Bodipy moiety within the M1 allosteric vestibule. PMID: 23604140
  19. Autoantibodies purified from the sera of breast cancer patients activate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in tumor cells. PMID: 23460876
  20. A breakdown in gene promoter methylation control of CHRM1 expression contributes to the global pathophysiology of schizophrenia. PMID: 23423139
  21. These findings suggest a complex antagonistic interplay between G(q)-activated PKC and Gbetagamma in the regulation of L-VDCC, involving multiple cytosolic segments of alpha(1C). PMID: 22990911
  22. This study demonstrated that SOD1 could activate a transductional pathway through the involvement of the M1 muscarinic receptor. PMID: 23147108
  23. These data indicate that EGFR and PKC are involved in mAChR-mediated activation of ERK1/2 and RSK, leading to the subsequent proliferation of SNU-407 colon cancer cells. PMID: 22865467
  24. CHRM1 sequence is associated with alterations in certain aspects of executive function. Post-mortem studies indicate that this is not simply due to altered expression at the mRNA level, suggesting that sequence alteration may affect the functionality of CHRM1. PMID: 22391213
  25. This research found that the M1 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1 mAChR), a critical G protein-coupled receptor involved in cholinergic neuronal activity, can interact with BACE1 and mediate its proteosomal degradation. PMID: 22450048
  26. The binding mode of MT7 and human muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 1 involves three interaction regions within five residue interaction clusters. PMID: 22571431
  27. Binding properties of the human muscarinic M1 receptor in stably transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells are significantly enhanced after supplementation, likely by facilitating receptor-mediated G protein activation. PMID: 22146060
  28. Docking calculations structurally support the high affinity and selectivity of the MT7-human M1 muscarinic receptor interaction and highlight the atypical mode of interaction of this allosteric ligand on its G protein-coupled receptor target. PMID: 21685390
  29. Analysis of the long-term effects of xanomeline on the M(1) muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. PMID: 21203415
  30. Distribution of M1 receptors in the human colon. PMID: 20146726
  31. The M1 receptor plays a critical role in maintaining the function of the retinal pigment epithelium. PMID: 17415969
  32. Data show that two-color TIRFM established the dynamic nature of dimer formation, with M(1) receptors undergoing interconversion between monomers and dimers on the timescale of seconds. PMID: 20133736
  33. Increased inattention scores (Conners' teacher-rating scale) and lower l-MR associated with increased scores for oppositional-defiant disorder. PMID: 19863190
  34. This study demonstrated that a subgroup of subjects with schizophrenia exhibited decreased cortical muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1. PMID: 18317461
  35. Muscarinic cholinoceptor activation by pilocarpine triggers apoptosis in human skin fibroblast cells. PMID: 19927300
  36. Fifteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CHRM1 have been discovered, nine of which are located in the coding region of the receptor. Of these, eight represent synonymous SNPs, indicating that CHRM1 is highly conserved in humans. PMID: 12049494
  37. A 28% decrease in post-mortem levels of steady-state cortical muscarinic 1 receptor cDNA was observed in schizophrenia patient samples compared to controls. PMID: 12707929
  38. The role of M1 and M2 muscarinic receptors expressed by human L cells in the control of GLP-1 secretion. PMID: 12810581
  39. Autoantibodies to CHRM1 were detected in a significant number of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) patients and were associated with CFS symptoms. PMID: 12851722
  40. M1- and M3-, but not M2- or M4-AchR signals activate HIF-1 through both stabilization and synthesis of HIF-1alpha and by inducing the transcriptional activity of HIF-1alpha. PMID: 15280370
  41. mRNA of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-1 is expressed in human scleral fibroblasts. PMID: 16318751
  42. All three Kir2 channels are similarly inhibited by m1 muscarinic receptor stimulation through calcium-dependent activation of the small GTPase Rho. PMID: 16328454
  43. Increased phosphorylation of M1 and M2 mAChRs underlies the sequestration of these receptors after transient hypoxia. Distinct pathways involving CK1alpha and GRK2 mediate the sequestration of M1 and M2 mAChRs following transient hypoxic-induced oxidative stress. PMID: 16336219
  44. Data demonstrate that M(1), M(2), and M(3) muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) can form homo- and heterodimers in living cells. This suggests that heterodimerization plays a role in the long-term regulation of mAChR. PMID: 16368694
  45. Data show that intracellular zinc uptake in SK-SH-SY5Y cells is controlled by M1-mAChR mediated signaling pathways and that zinc may act as a cofactor for transcriptional regulation of zinc finger genes such as PNUTS. PMID: 16406470
  46. MT7 toxin interacts with the hM1 receptor at a specific allosteric site, which may partially overlap those identified previously for 'classic' or 'atypical' allosteric agents. PMID: 16439611
  47. Association of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta1 subunit (CHRNB1) and M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (CHRM1) with vulnerability for nicotine dependence. PMID: 16874522
  48. mAChR subtypes (m1 to m5) are present in human scleral fibroblasts at both mRNA and protein levels. PMID: 16877267
  49. This study provides structural insights for improved understanding of the M1 receptor and its binding sites. PMID: 16902941
  50. The gene encoding the human cholinergic receptor muscarinic-1 is an important susceptibility locus for asthma at chromosome 11q13. PMID: 16931638

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Database Links

HGNC: 1950

OMIM: 118510

KEGG: hsa:1128

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000306490

UniGene: Hs.632119

Protein Families
G-protein coupled receptor 1 family, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subfamily, CHRM1 sub-subfamily
Subcellular Location
Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.

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