CKM Antibody
Product Specs
Target Background
- The formation of insoluble CK aggregates reduces the levels of active enzyme, which may provide clues in CK deficiency diseases. Furthermore, these findings indicate a close relationship between the degree of synergism and conformational changes of CK. PMID: 28916380
- Low CK-MB expression is associated with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. PMID: 28100880
- Upon admission, high-sensitivity troponin T/creatine kinase-MB ratio was significantly higher in takotsubo syndrome patients compared to myocardial infarction patients. PMID: 28595746
- A genetic factor associated with constitutive creatine kinase levels is also associated with creatine kinase variability and inducibility. This variant has an impact on inducibility of creatine kinase by trauma through a homozygous carrier. PMID: 28790154
- Marathoners with a lower CKMM response after the race exhibited a more favorable polygenic profile than runners with high serum CKMM concentrations. This suggests a significant role of genetic polymorphisms in the levels of exertional muscle damage and rhabdomyolysis. PMID: 28257486
- Myocardial Creatine Kinase is a significant independent predictor of 6-month left ventricle remodeling in myocardial infarction patients. PMID: 28138312
- A positive association was observed between PANSS-total and sCK [serum creatine kinase] in SzA [schizoaffective disorder] and BP-I; however, PANSS-positive scores correlated with sCK only in SzA. Serum CK may serve as a biomarker for affective exacerbation rather than psychosis. PMID: 27086253
- These results demonstrate an association between physical performance measures and genetic variation in the muscle-specific creatine kinase gene (rs8111989). PMID: 26327553
- Muscle pain induced by simvastatin resulted in increased levels of creatine kinase compared to non-treated patients. PMID: 26874453
- Data show that low serum creatine kinase activity is more common in females than males, and is associated with older age. PMID: 26738403
- CK-MB mass is a more significant criterion of myocardial injury. PMID: 25802449
- Troponin T and creatinine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) have roles in combined renal and myocardial injuries in asphyxiated infants. PMID: 24625749
- The serum expression levels of myocardial creatine kinase and galectin-3 reflect the physiopathology state of children with congenital heart defects after surgical correction. PMID: 26118042
- The variant rs11559024 in the CKM gene (Glu83Gly) was significantly associated with CK levels of statin users. PMID: 25214527
- Elderly women classified as high response experienced greater serum response to eccentric resistance exercise. PMID: 24189370
- Based on the obtained results, it can be speculated that the CKM A/G polymorphism is not a major determinant of endurance performance level in Polish and Russian rowers. PMID: 26027379
- Substantive creatine phosphokinase increases and rhabdomyolysis with statin use were particularly observed in patients starting treatment, those on large daily doses or interacting drugs, or with a higher number of concomitant drugs. PMID: 24602118
- Serum CK-MB is elevated in underweight hemodialysis patients. PMID: 24846126
- Asymptomatic hyper-CKemia is an uncommon association with hyponatremia of various etiologies. PMID: 24673369
- Cardiac enzyme elevations post-cardiac bypass or post-percutaneous coronary intervention are associated with an adverse long-term mortality, likely due to multifactorial causes. PMID: 23993326
- 3D mapping of the CK reaction rates and metabolic fluxes can be achieved in the skeletal muscle in vivo at relatively high spatial resolution and with acquisition times well tolerated by patients. PMID: 23436474
- High levels of blood creatine-kinase MB are associated with embolism source during the acute phase of ischemic stroke. PMID: 22592287
- This study explored the relationship of cardiac function examined by echocardiography and serum creatine kinase (CK) and CK-MB levels with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in a cohort of Chinese acute myocardial infarction patients. PMID: 21873942
- The crystal structure of CK indicates that the E79 and K138 interaction plays key roles in sustaining the recognition between N-terminal and C-terminal domains of muscle creatine kinase. PMID: 23274523
- The current enzymatic definition of procedural myocardial infarct (MI) (CK-myocardial band more than 3 times the upper limit of normal) used in clinical trials is less strongly associated with death than that of spontaneous MI. PMID: 23122801
- Creatine kinase MM TaqI and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C gene polymorphisms influence exercise-induced C-reactive protein levels. PMID: 21706313
- Results indicate that these polymorphisms can indirectly influence performance, contribute to higher susceptibility to exercise-induced inflammation or protection against it, and perhaps affect future risks of CVD in athletes. PMID: 21516340
- Common variants of MSTN and CKM genes don't play a role in attaining high-level endurance performance in Caucasians. PMID: 20536908
- Elevated creatine kinase-MB is associated with elevated white blood cell count and atherosclerotic plaque in patients with elective stent implantation. PMID: 20591515
- Cardiac troponin T and creatine kinase have roles in infarct size and left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction. PMID: 21448949
- Muscle-type creatine kinase physically interacts with the slow skeletal muscle-type MyBPC1 (myosin-binding protein C1). PMID: 21426302
- The overall efficacy of IMA [ischemia modified albumin] in differentiating AMI[Acute Myocardial Infarction] from Non-AMI cases appears to be comparable to that of CK-MB and cTnI. PMID: 21456469
- Two residues close to the dimer interface of MMCK were crucial for species-specific thermal stability. PMID: 20558199
- The researchers found no association between the CK response after exercise and the presence of the CK-MM NcoI polymorphism. PMID: 20157874
- Percutaneous coronary intervention induces temporal changes of P-selectin, Mg, and CK-MB, which may be involved in restenosis and ischemia-reperfusion injury, but not PAI-1. PMID: 20669347
- Elevated CK-MB values after elective angioplasty predict reduced long-term event-free survival. PMID: 19670037
- The Dimension Vista cTnI, CK-MB, MYO, NTproBNP, and hsCRP methods demonstrate acceptable performance characteristics for use as an aid in the diagnosis and risk assessment of patients presenting with suspected acute coronary syndromes. PMID: 19523464
- A short version of the muscle creatine kinase promoter(MCK1350) allows for sustained dystrophin expression in skeletal muscle of newborn mdx mice. PMID: 11922612
- Results identify muscle-type creatine kinase as a binding partner of a central portion of myomesin and the closely related M-protein. PMID: 12972258
- The roles of Ile-69 and Val-325 are discussed in the delivery of both substrate specificity and catalysis of human muscle creatine kinase isozyme. PMID: 15504039
- In top-level professional cyclists capable of completing a classic 3-wk tour race, the frequency distribution of the D allele and the DD genotype seems to be higher than in other endurance athletes such as elite runners. PMID: 16037885
- Creatinine kinase-MB levels are elevated after adverse outcomes following percutaneous coronary interventions. PMID: 16087811
- Elevated levels of creatinine kinase-MB after percutaneous coronary intervention are not a predictor of adverse outcomes. PMID: 16092153
- The first monomeric intermediate captured during refolding of muscle-type creatine kinase; authors propose that aggregation is caused by interaction between such monomeric intermediates. PMID: 16373479
- CK-MM autoantibodies can modulate the rate of CK clearance from the circulation in myositis. PMID: 16810680
- The results show conclusively that Cys283 is not responsible for the pKa of 5.4 observed in the WT V/K(creatine) pH profile. PMID: 16981706
- Generation of O-CK is a negative regulation of R-CK and O-CK might play essential roles in the molecular turnover of MM-CK. PMID: 17303563
- CK-MM AA genotype and percent body fat may be part of the constellation of mechanisms that explain susceptibility to exertional rhabdomyolysis. PMID: 17478608
- Indicate a positive association of the ACE ID genotype with creatine kinase response to strenuous exercise. Genotype may determine risk for developing muscle damage. PMID: 17885020
- Muscle type CK elevation in hypertrabeculation/noncompaction suggests neuromuscular disorder and prompts neurological investigations. PMID: 18055044
Customer Reviews
Applications : WB
Sample type: cells
Review: To validate the proteomics results, western blot was performed to evaluate the expression levels of CKM, MME, MPO, and GAPDH was selected as the internal reference protein.
Q&A
What is the role of CKM in skeletal and cardiac muscle metabolism, and how do antibodies aid in its study?
CKM (creatine kinase muscle-type) catalyzes the reversible transfer of phosphate between ATP and creatine, a critical energy buffer in muscle tissues. Antibodies against CKM enable researchers to detect its expression patterns, subcellular localization, and dynamic changes under physiological or pathological conditions (e.g., myocardial injury or muscular dystrophy) . Methodologically, CKM antibodies are validated for applications such as:
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Western blotting to quantify CKM protein levels in tissue lysates.
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Immunohistochemistry (IHC) to map CKM distribution in muscle biopsies.
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Immunofluorescence (IF) for co-localization studies with mitochondrial markers .
Table 1: Common Applications of CKM Antibodies
How should researchers design experiments to minimize variability in CKM antibody performance?
Experimental variability arises from improper antibody handling, insufficient validation, or inadequate controls. Key design considerations:
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Sample Preparation: Use fresh-frozen muscle tissues to prevent epitope degradation. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles of lysates .
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Antibody Dilution: Perform checkerboard titrations (e.g., 1:100 to 1:2000) to identify optimal signal-to-noise ratios .
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Controls: Include:
What validation methods are essential for confirming CKM antibody specificity?
Three-tier validation is recommended:
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Genetic Knockout Validation: Compare staining or blot signals in wild-type vs. CKM-deficient tissues .
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Peptide Blocking: Pre-incubate antibodies with excess CKM peptide; >90% signal reduction confirms specificity .
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Orthogonal Assays: Correlate antibody-based results with mRNA quantification (qPCR) or enzymatic activity assays .
How can researchers resolve contradictory data between CKM antibody-based assays and mass spectrometry?
Discrepancies often stem from antibody cross-reactivity or post-translational modifications (PTMs). Follow this workflow:
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Re-validate Antibodies: Confirm lot-to-lot consistency using recombinant CKM protein.
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PTM Analysis: Use phospho-specific antibodies or protease digestion to rule out epitope masking.
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Cross-Reactivity Screening: Test antibodies against recombinant CK-BB and CK-MB isoforms .
Table 2: Troubleshooting Cross-Reactivity
| Issue | Diagnostic Test | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| False-positive IHC | Staining in CKM-knockout tissues | Switch to monoclonal antibodies |
| Multiple WB bands | siRNA knockdown of off-target proteins | Optimize blocking buffer (5% BSA) |
What strategies improve reproducibility in multiplex assays using CKM antibodies?
Multiplexing CKM with markers like troponin or myosin requires:
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Spectral Compatibility: Use conjugates with minimal overlap (e.g., AF488 for CKM, AF647 for troponin).
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Sequential Staining: Apply CKM antibodies first to avoid epitope competition.
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Signal Normalization: Include reference standards (e.g., recombinant CKM spiked into samples) .
How does tissue fixation impact CKM antibody epitope recognition, and how can this be mitigated?
Formalin fixation induces protein crosslinking, often masking linear epitopes. Solutions:
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Antigen Retrieval: Use high-pH Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0) for 20 min at 95°C.
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Antibody Selection: Prioritize antibodies validated for paraffin-embedded tissues (e.g., clones MAK33 or Y14) .
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Epitope Mapping: Choose antibodies targeting unstructured regions (e.g., amino acids 10–59) .
What computational tools aid in predicting CKM antibody binding sites for epitope tagging?
Use platforms like:
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IEDB Analysis Resource (iedb.org) to predict linear epitopes from CKM’s amino acid sequence.
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AlphaFold2 to model conformational epitopes in the 3D structure of CKM.
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BLAST to check for homology with unrelated proteins (e.g., CK-BB shares 75% sequence identity) .
How should researchers optimize CKM antibody-based assays for longitudinal studies of muscle degeneration?
Longitudinal rigor requires:
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Batch Consistency: Use antibodies from the same lot for all timepoints.
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Stability Testing: Store aliquots at -80°C with 0.02% sodium azide to prevent aggregation.
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Quantitative Normalization: Express CKM levels relative to housekeeping proteins (e.g., GAPDH) and tissue weight .
What systematic approaches validate CKM antibody specificity in novel disease models?
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Parallel Detection: Compare results from two independent antibody clones (e.g., polyclonal vs. monoclonal).
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Functional Assays: Couple antibody-based detection with creatine kinase activity measurements.
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Meta-Analysis: Cross-reference findings with public datasets (e.g., Human Protein Atlas) .
How can researchers leverage CKM antibody panels to study isoform switching in muscular pathologies?
Design a panel targeting:
