CKS1 Antibody

Molecular Function and Biological Role of CKS1

CKS1B is a 79-amino-acid protein encoded by the CKS1B gene (OMIM: 116900), essential for cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activity . It binds to CDK catalytic subunits (e.g., CDK1, CDK2) and regulates cell cycle progression by:

• Facilitating ubiquitination of CDK inhibitors (e.g., p27$^\text{Kip1}$) via SCF$^\text{Skp2}$ complexes .

• Modulating CDK1 expression at the mRNA level, critical for mitotic entry .

• Influencing proteasomal degradation of substrates like p130/Rb2 and securin .

Table 1: Key Functional Domains of CKS1

Applications of CKS1 Antibodies in Research

CKS1 antibodies are widely used in cancer biology and cell cycle studies. Key applications include:

Western Blotting

• Detects CKS1 in lysates from breast cancer (MCF-7, T47D), hepatocellular carcinoma (Huh7), and leukemia (AML) cell lines .

• Example: Anti-CKS1 antibody (ab72639) identifies a band at <19 kDa in Jurkat and HeLa cells .

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

• Highlights nuclear CKS1 overexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) .

  • Clinical Correlation: High CKS1 expression correlates with advanced tumor stage (P = 0.0203) and poor prognosis in OSCC .

Table 2: CKS1 Expression in Human Tissues

Cancer Biomarker

• Overexpression of CKS1 is linked to aggressive breast tumors (HR+ subtype), OSCC, and HCC .

• In breast cancer, CKS1 depletion reduces Skp2 levels, elevates p27$^\text{Kip1}$, and blocks G$_2$-M transition .

Therapeutic Target

• Inhibition of CKS1 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) increases ROS accumulation, selectively inducing leukemic stem cell apoptosis while sparing healthy cells .

• Preclinical studies show CKS1 siRNA reduces tumor growth in xenograft models .

Research Findings and Controversies

• p27$^\text{Kip1}$-Independent Roles: CKS1 regulates S-phase entry via CDK2 activation, independent of Skp2-mediated p27$^\text{Kip1}$ degradation .

• Proteasomal Regulation: CKS1 turnover is post-translationally controlled in cancer cells, with protein levels exceeding mRNA expression .

• Species Variability: Cks1 is dispensable in normal mammary epithelial cells but essential in cancer cells, suggesting tumor-specific dependency .