col-36 Antibody
Description
Clinical Significance of Anti-CD36 Antibodies
Anti-CD36 antibodies are implicated in:
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FNAIT and foetal anaemia: CD36-negative mothers develop alloantibodies against CD36-positive fetal erythroid progenitors, leading to severe anaemia .
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Immune thrombocytopenia: Alloantibodies cause platelet destruction, contributing to transfusion refractoriness .
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Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI): Anti-CD36 antibodies in donor plasma may trigger lung injury .
Research Advancements in CD36 Antibody Detection
Recent studies highlight improved diagnostic methods:
Antigen Capture Assays
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) like GZ-70 and GZ-608 outperform traditional mAbs (e.g., FA6-152) in detecting anti-CD36 antibodies. For example:
Flow Cytometry and Immunohistochemistry
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Clone 5-271: Conjugated with APC for flow cytometry, enabling precise platelet/monocyte analysis .
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IHC applications: CD36 antibodies (e.g., 185-1G2) localize to macrophages, adipocytes, and endothelial cells .
CD36 as a Blood Group System
CD36 meets criteria for a new blood group system:
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Polymorphism: CD36-negative phenotype (rs146027667:T allele) with global minor allele frequency of 0.1% .
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Hemolysis risk: Anti-CD36 causes fetal anaemia and neonatal thrombocytopenia .
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Inheritance: Autosomal codominant trait, validated in family studies .
Applications in Research and Diagnostics
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Transfusion Medicine: CD36 typing prevents alloimmune complications in platelet/RBC transfusions.
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Therapeutic Monitoring: Anti-CD36 antibody levels predict disease outcomes in FNAIT and TRALI .
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Basic Research: CD36 serves as a marker for erythroid progenitors (e.g., BFU-E/CFU-E) .
Challenges and Future Directions
Product Specs
Components: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS), pH 7.4
Target Background
STRING: 6239.C27H5.5
UniGene: Cel.15771
Q&A
FAQs for Researchers on IL-36/CD36 Antibodies in Academic Research
IL-36 and CD36 antibodies are critical tools in studying immune signaling, tumorigenesis, and metabolic regulation. Below are FAQs addressing key research challenges and methodologies, categorized into basic and advanced questions.
What experimental models are used to evaluate IL-36 antibody efficacy in colorectal cancer (CRC)?
Methodology:
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In vitro assays:
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In vivo models:
How are CD36 antibodies applied in studying immune cell populations?
Methodology:
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Flow cytometry: Use clones like FA6.152 (anti-CD36) to identify CD36+ cells (monocytes, platelets, erythroid precursors) in human or murine samples .
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Functional assays: Test CD36’s role in fatty acid uptake or thrombospondin binding using knockout models or blocking antibodies .
How does IL-36R signaling drive pro-tumorigenic phenotypes in CRC?
Key findings:
IL-36 agonists induce chemokines linked to tumor progression (e.g., CXCL-1, TGFβ), enhancing migration, angiogenesis, and stromal recruitment .
| Chemokine | Role in CRC | Induction by IL-36 |
|---|---|---|
| CXCL-1 | Adenoma-adenocarcinoma transition, angiogenesis | Strong (human/murine cells) |
| TGFβ | Immunosuppression, fibrosis | Moderate |
| CCL20 | Recruitment of pro-tumorigenic leukocytes | High |
Methodological insights:
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Combine RNA sequencing and ELISA to quantify chemokine expression post-stimulation .
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Validate functional impact using siRNA knockdown or neutralizing antibodies.
What challenges arise when translating IL-36 antibody efficacy from murine models to humans?
Data contradictions:
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Murine models showed reduced tumor burden with IL-36Ra, but human pharmacokinetic (PK) predictions require adjusting for interspecies differences in receptor expression (e.g., IL-36R levels in female mice vs. male humans) .
Model-based solutions:
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Use semi-mechanistic PK/PD models incorporating:
How can computational design improve antibody stability and binding specificity?
Algorithm (AbDesign):
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Backbone recombination: Merge fragments from natural antibodies to stabilize nonideal features (e.g., CDR loops) .
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Sequence optimization: Balance stability and binding energy using Rosetta design calculations .
| Design Cycle | Expression Improvement | Key Adjustment |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Low | Baseline algorithm |
| 5 | High | Added sequence/structure constraints |
Applications:
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Design antibodies targeting conserved epitopes (e.g., IL-36R) with enhanced affinity and reduced immunogenicity .
