DAP Human
Description
Biological Functions
Mechanistic roles:
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Apoptosis regulation: Acts as a positive mediator of interferon-γ-induced programmed cell death .
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Autophagy suppression: Functions as a negative regulator by interacting with mTOR. Under nutrient-rich conditions, mTOR phosphorylates DAP to inhibit autophagy; starvation triggers dephosphorylation, activating autophagy suppression .
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Cellular stress response: Modulates oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways through interactions with NF-κB and Nrf2 .
Table 1: Key Experimental Observations
Notable discoveries:
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DAP overexpression sensitizes cancer cells to apoptosis via caspase-3 activation .
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Knockdown studies show DAP deficiency increases autophagosome formation by 40–60% .
Clinical and Therapeutic Relevance
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Cancer research: DAP's role in apoptosis has been explored in breast and lung cancers, with studies showing 30–50% reduction in tumor growth in xenograft models upon DAP activation .
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Neurodegenerative diseases: Preclinical data suggest DAP modulates microglial activation, offering potential in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease .
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Toxicology profile: No mutagenicity or acute toxicity observed in vitro (up to 100 µM) or in murine models (LD₅₀ > 2,000 mg/kg) .
Technical Applications
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
Death-Associated Protein (DAP) is a protein that plays a crucial role in the regulation of programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis. This protein is encoded by the DAP gene, which is a protein-coding gene associated with various cellular processes, including cell death and survival mechanisms. The recombinant form of this protein, often referred to as Human Recombinant DAP, is produced through recombinant DNA technology, allowing for its use in various research and therapeutic applications.
DAP is involved in several critical cellular pathways, including:
- Apoptosis: DAP acts as a positive mediator of apoptosis, particularly in response to interferon-gamma. It is involved in the regulation of cell death pathways, ensuring the proper elimination of damaged or unwanted cells .
- Ribosome Hibernation: DAP is involved in ribosome hibernation, a process during which ribosomes are stabilized in an inactive state and preserved from proteasomal degradation. This function is crucial in mature oocytes, where ribosomes are stored and translationally repressed .
- Autophagy Regulation: DAP acts as a negative regulator of autophagy, a cellular process that involves the degradation and recycling of cellular components .
DAP is associated with several cellular pathways, including:
- MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation: This pathway involves the regulation of glucocorticoid activity by macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), with DAP playing a role in this regulatory process .
- ERK Signaling: DAP is involved in the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, which is crucial for various cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and survival .
Mutations or dysregulation of the DAP gene have been associated with certain diseases, such as hereditary spastic paraplegia. Additionally, the protein’s role in apoptosis and autophagy makes it a potential target for therapeutic interventions in diseases characterized by abnormal cell death or survival mechanisms .
The recombinant form of DAP is widely used in research to study its function and role in various cellular processes. It is also utilized in therapeutic research, particularly in the context of diseases involving dysregulated apoptosis or autophagy.
