DCS1 Antibody

This antibody targets DCS1, a decapping scavenger enzyme. DCS1 catalyzes the cleavage of residual cap structures following 3' to 5' exosome-mediated mRNA decay. Specifically, it hydrolyzes cap analogs such as 7-methylguanosine triphosphate (m7GpppG) and tri-methylguanosine triphosphate (m3(2,2,7)GpppG), along with capped oligoribonucleotides (up to 10 nucleotides). This hydrolysis releases 5'-phosphorylated RNA fragments and 7-methylguanosine monophosphate (m7GMP) or tri-methylguanosine monophosphate (m3(2,2,7)GMP), respectively. Importantly, DCS1 does not hydrolyze unmethylated cap analog (GpppG) or intact m7GpppG-capped mRNA molecules longer than 25 nucleotides. Furthermore, it lacks activity against 7-methylguanosine diphosphate (m7GDP) and tri-methylguanosine diphosphate (m3(2,2,7)GDP). DCS1 may also contribute to the 5' to 3' mRNA decay pathway, potentially converting the product m7GDP to m7GMP. The enzyme exhibits high affinity binding to m7GpppG and, more strongly, to m7GDP. DCS1 may also regulate the 5' to 3' exoribonucleolytic mRNA decay pathway independently of cap structure and negatively regulates trehalase activity.

1. A unique mechanism of mRNA substrate inhibition in DCS1 has been identified, where motions necessary for catalytic activity also inhibit efficient turnover when substrates are abundant. PMID: 26258763
2. Dcs1 activation of Xrn1 is proposed to be crucial for respiration. PMID: 22570495
3. The Dcs1p decapping scavenger enzyme enhances 5' to 3' mRNA decay. PMID: 16260594

KEGG: sce:YLR270W

STRING: 4932.YLR270W