Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are proteins produced by B cells that play a crucial role in the immune system by recognizing and binding to specific antigens. They are composed of two heavy chains and two light chains, forming a Y-shaped structure with a unique antigen-binding site at the tips of the Y arms .
Structure: Each antibody monomer consists of two heavy chains and two light chains, linked by disulfide bonds. The heavy chains determine the class of the antibody (e.g., IgG, IgE, IgA, IgM, IgD), while the variable regions of both heavy and light chains form the antigen-binding site .
Function: Antibodies can neutralize pathogens, mark them for destruction by other immune cells, or activate immune responses through their Fc regions .
When studying a specific antibody like "At1g76954 Antibody," researchers typically focus on its antigen specificity, potential applications in diagnostics or therapy, and its role in disease processes.
If "At1g76954 Antibody" were a real compound under study, researchers might investigate its:
Antigen Specificity: Identifying the specific antigen or protein that the antibody binds to.
Biological Role: Understanding its role in immune responses or disease processes.
Potential Applications: Exploring its use in diagnostics, therapy, or research tools.
In research, data tables might include information such as:
| Antibody | Antigen Specificity | Biological Role | Potential Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Example Ab | Specific Protein X | Immune Response | Diagnostic Tool |
KEGG: ath:AT1G76954
UniGene: At.66141