DKK3 Antibody

Mouse Anti Human Dickkopf-Related Protein 3
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Description

Overview of DKK3 Antibody

DKK3 Antibody is a research tool designed to detect and study the function of Dickkopf-3 (DKK3), a secreted glycoprotein involved in Wnt signaling modulation. These antibodies are critical for investigating DKK3’s role in diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer’s, and cardiovascular disorders. DKK3 antibodies are available in various formats (monoclonal/polyclonal) and are validated for applications like Western blot (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Western Blot (WB)

  • Purpose: Quantify DKK3 protein levels in cell lysates or tissue homogenates.

  • Protocols: Lysis buffers optimized for membrane-bound or secreted DKK3; blocking with BSA/TBS-T; primary antibody incubation (1:500–1:2000 dilution) .

  • Key Findings:

    • Breast Cancer: Stable DKK3 re-expression in MDA-MB-231 cells reduces cell growth, detected via WB .

    • Pancreatic Cancer: DKK3 inhibition via monoclonal antibodies correlates with reduced tumor growth and chemoresistance .

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

  • Purpose: Localize DKK3 in tissue sections (e.g., cancer stroma, normal epithelia).

  • Protocols: Antigen retrieval (heat-mediated), primary antibody (1:100–1:500), HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies .

  • Key Findings:

    • Breast Cancer: DKK3 expression is downregulated in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) compared to luminal/HER2+ subtypes .

    • Pancreatic Cancer: Stromal DKK3 colocalizes with vimentin-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) .

Immunofluorescence (IF)

  • Purpose: Visualize DKK3 subcellular localization (e.g., cytoplasmic, extracellular).

  • Protocols: Fixation with paraformaldehyde, permeabilization, Alexa Fluor-conjugated secondary antibodies .

  • Key Findings:

    • HepG2 Cells: DKK3 exhibits cytoplasmic staining, confirmed by DAPI counterstaining .

Cancer Biology

Cancer TypeObservationMechanismReference
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC)DKK3 inhibition via monoclonal antibodies reduces tumor growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance.NF-κB activation in stromal cells and cancer cells; CD8+ T-cell infiltration.
Breast CancerDKK3 downregulation in TNBC correlates with aggressive phenotypes.Loss of DKK3 in stromal compartments; Wnt/YAP/TAZ pathway activation in CAFs.
Prostate CancerDKK3 overexpression suppresses cell motility and senescence-associated pathways.Modulation of IL32, IRAK1, and RIOK1 genes.

Neurodegenerative Diseases

  • Alzheimer’s Disease (AD): DKK3 accumulates in Aβ plaques and dystrophic neurites, detected via IHC. Elevated extracellular DKK3 in AD mouse models correlates with NMDAR activation .

Table 2: Key Preclinical Studies Using DKK3 Antibody

StudyModelOutcomeReference
Pancreatic CancerKPC mice (autochthonous)Survival doubled with DKK3 neutralization.
Breast CancerMDA-MB-231 cellsStable DKK3 re-expression inhibits growth.
Alzheimer’s DiseaseJ20 miceElevated extracellular DKK3 in AD brains.

Product Specs

Introduction
Dickkopf-related protein 3 (DKK3), a member of the DKK protein family alongside Dkk-1, 2, and 4, is a secreted glycoprotein containing 350 amino acids. Its structure consists of an N-terminal signal peptide and two cysteine-rich domains, separated by a 12 amino acid linker region. DKK3 plays a role in embryonic development by inhibiting the WNT signaling pathway. Studies have shown decreased DKK3 gene expression in various cancer cell lines, suggesting its potential role as a tumor suppressor gene.
Physical Appearance
Clear and colorless solution that has been sterilized through filtration.
Formulation
The antibody is provided at a concentration of 1mg/ml in a buffer solution containing PBS at pH 7.4, 10% glycerol, and 0.02% sodium azide.
Storage Procedures
For short-term storage (up to 1 month), keep at 4°C. For long-term storage, store at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Stability / Shelf Life
The product is stable for 12 months when stored at -20°C and for 1 month at 4°C.
Applications
This DKK3 antibody has undergone testing via ELISA and Western blot analysis to confirm its specificity and reactivity. However, optimal working concentrations may vary depending on the specific application and should be determined through titration.
Synonyms

Dickkopf 3 homolog (Xenopus laevis), dickkopf-related protein 3, regulated in glioma, RIG, RIG-like 7-1, RIG-like 5-6, Dkk-3, REIC.

Purification Method

DKK3 antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-A affinity chromatography.

Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Clone

PAT103B5AT.

Immunogen

Anti-human DKK3 mAb, is derived from hybridization of mouse F0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with a recombinant human DKK3 protein (22-350 amino acids purified from E. coli.

Ig Subclass

Mouse IgG1 heavy chain and k light chain.

Product Science Overview

Introduction

Mouse Anti Human Dickkopf-Related Protein 3 is an antibody specifically designed to target the human Dickkopf-Related Protein 3 (DKK3). This protein is a member of the Dickkopf family, which plays a crucial role in various biological processes, particularly in the Wnt signaling pathway.

Dickkopf-Related Protein 3 (DKK3)

Dickkopf-Related Protein 3 is encoded by the DKK3 gene in humans. This gene is located on chromosome 11 in humans and chromosome 7 in mice . The protein contains two cysteine-rich regions and is involved in embryonic development through its interactions with the Wnt signaling pathway .

Function and Significance

DKK3 is known to antagonize the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by inhibiting the interaction between LRP5/6 and Wnt proteins . This inhibition is crucial for various developmental processes, including antero-posterior axial patterning, limb development, somitogenesis, and eye formation . In adults, DKK3 is implicated in bone formation, bone diseases, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease .

Role in Cancer

The expression of DKK3 is decreased in various cancer cell lines, suggesting that it may function as a tumor suppressor gene . This makes DKK3 a significant target for cancer research and therapy.

Mouse Anti Human DKK3 Antibody

The Mouse Anti Human DKK3 antibody is derived from the hybridization of mouse F0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with a recombinant human DKK3 protein . This antibody is used in various research applications to study the function and regulation of DKK3 in different biological processes and diseases.

Applications in Research

The Mouse Anti Human DKK3 antibody is widely used in research to:

  • Investigate the role of DKK3 in embryonic development and its interactions with the Wnt signaling pathway.
  • Study the involvement of DKK3 in various cancers and its potential as a tumor suppressor.
  • Explore the implications of DKK3 in bone formation, bone diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s .

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