LPD2 Antibody
Description
Introduction to LPD2 Antibody
The term "LPD2 Antibody" likely refers to antibodies targeting LptD, a critical outer membrane protein (OMP) in Escherichia coli involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) transport. LptD forms a complex with LptE and is essential for bacterial survival . Antibodies against LptD have been extensively studied to probe its structural and functional roles, particularly its extracellular loops (ECLs), which are potential targets for therapeutic intervention .
Antibody Discovery and Generation
A large-scale antibody discovery campaign generated >3,000 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against LptD using diverse strategies :
Immunization Approaches
| Strategy | Host | Antigen | Key Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Peptide-based | Rats | Cyclic/linear ECL peptides | Generated antibodies targeting specific loop sequences |
| Protein-based | Rats/Mice | Purified LptDE in detergent/non-detergent polymers | Enabled binding to conformational epitopes |
| Whole-cell + boost | Rats | E. coli cells + LptDE protein | Identified antibodies binding to native LptD in bacterial membranes |
This effort revealed that antibody-accessible ECLs are evolutionarily dispensable, while critical functional regions of LptD are structurally protected .
Key Findings
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ECL Tolerance: Deletion of most ECLs (e.g., L6, L7, L8) did not impair bacterial growth, suggesting their role in shielding essential regions .
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Epitope Mapping: Antibodies predominantly targeted loops L3–L10, but none inhibited E. coli growth, indicating that critical functional sites are inaccessible .
-
Host-Specific Trends:
Therapeutic Implications
While LptD antibodies failed to directly inhibit bacterial growth, this research highlights:
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Vaccine Potential: Surface-exposed ECLs could serve as vaccine targets despite their dispensability .
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Antibody Engineering: Strategies to stabilize ECLs (e.g., macrocycles) might enable functional disruption .
Antibody Binding Profiles by Immunization Strategy
| Immunization Source | Dominant Target ECLs | Functional Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Peptide (Rat) | L3, L6, L7 | No growth inhibition |
| Protein (Mouse) | L8, L9 | No growth inhibition |
| Whole-cell (Rat) | L4, L10 | No growth inhibition |
ECL Deletion Impact on E. coli Growth
| Deleted ECL | Bacterial Growth (Δ waaD) | Functional Criticality |
|---|---|---|
| L1 | Normal | Non-essential |
| L6 | Impaired | Partially essential |
| L8 | Normal | Non-essential |
Product Specs
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Target Background
- Mitochondrial lipoamide dehydrogenase (mtLPD) overexpression enhances photosynthesis and biomass accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. (mtLPD2) PMID: 26116608
- Studies demonstrate that mitochondrial lipoamide dehydrogenase is critical in determining the sensitivity of oxidative metabolism to arsenate in Arabidopsis thaliana. PMID: 23961884
