dlc Antibody
Description
DLC1 Antibodies in Cancer Research
DLC1 (Deleted in Liver Cancer 1) antibodies primarily target a tumor suppressor protein encoded by the DLC1 gene, which regulates cell processes via RhoGAP (GTPase-activating protein) activity.
Key Features
Research Findings
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DLC1 loss is linked to prostate, lung, colorectal, and breast cancers .
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Antibodies detect endogenous DLC1 levels, enabling studies on cytoskeletal regulation and tumor suppression .
DLC-48 Monoclonal Antibody in Hematopoietic Malignancies
The DLC-48 monoclonal antibody (IgM class) targets a B-cell-associated antigen, showing efficacy in eliminating malignant B-lineage cells for autologous bone-marrow transplantation .
Functional Insights
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Cytotoxicity: Achieved 4-log reduction in lymphoma cell lines using human serum complement .
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Specificity: Does not affect hematopoietic progenitor cells (CFU-GEMM/CFU-GM) .
DLC Antibodies in Developmental Biology
Anti-dlc antibodies in zebrafish (Danio rerio) target proteins involved in embryonic development, such as dlc homologs. These are used in Western blot (WB) and ELISA applications .
Example Product
DLL3 (Delta-Like Canonical Notch Ligand 3)
The alias "DLC" also refers to DLL3, a Notch pathway ligand. Antibodies against DLL3 (e.g., Anti-DANRE dlc) are used in developmental and cancer studies .
Notable Applications
| Application | Antibody Example | Detection Method |
|---|---|---|
| Immunohistochemistry | HPA017753 | Tissue microarrays |
| Immunoblotting | PA5-106902 | RhoGAP activity assays |
| Immunofluorescence | HPA017753 | Subcellular localization |
Critical Considerations
Product Specs
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Target Background
- Fgfr4 mediates a signal transduction pathway between Wnt16 and Dlc, but not Dld, regulating the specification of hematopoietic stem cells. PMID: 25428693
- The ablation of xanthophores in yellow stripes led to melanophore death in black stripes, suggesting that melanophores rely on a survival signal from distant xanthophores. DeltaC and notch1a were found to be expressed by xanthophores and melanophores, respectively. PMID: 24306107
- DeltaC and DeltaD interact as Notch ligands in the zebrafish segmentation clock. PMID: 21653612
- Research indicates that deltaC is crucial for the coherence of wavelike expression domains of cyclic genes her1 and her7, maintaining their expression levels, and regulating the cyclic transcription of deltaC itself. PMID: 15766754
- DeltaC expression oscillates in the presomitic mesoderm. Analyzing its oscillation in relation to other oscillating genes in the PSM reveals differences in subcellular localization of the oscillating mRNAs within individual cells. PMID: 16125692
- In zebrafish embryos, oscillations of adjacent cells are synchronized and amplified by deltaC in the posterior presomitic mesoderm as cell movement subsides and cells maintain stable neighbor relationships. PMID: 17417625
- Notch signaling via DeltaC maintains the synchrony of oscillations between neighboring cells. PMID: 17535112
- Studies have revealed that two deltaC splice variants exhibit distinct signaling capabilities during somitogenesis and midline patterning. PMID: 18430417
Q&A
What are DLC proteins and what is their significance in cancer research?
DLC (Deleted in Liver Cancer) proteins are a family of RhoGAP (Rho GTPase-activating proteins) that function as tumor suppressors. The family consists of three members: DLC1, DLC2, and DLC3, with DLC1 being the most extensively studied.
DLC proteins regulate important biological processes through their GAP activity:
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They terminate signaling of small GTPases (RhoA, RhoB, RhoC and CDC42)
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This induces morphological changes and cytoskeletal reorganization
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They play critical roles in cell migration and proliferation
DLC1 is a multi-domain protein containing:
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An N-terminal sterile α motif (SAM) domain
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A central RhoGAP catalytic domain
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A C-terminal START (StAR-related lipid transfer) domain
Research shows DLC1 is frequently downregulated in multiple cancer types:
The mechanisms of downregulation include:
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Other epigenetic mechanisms
A comprehensive study analyzing TCGA data demonstrated that DLC1 is the predominant family member expressed in several normal tissues, and its expression is preferentially reduced in common cancers at these sites .
How should researchers properly report DLC antibody use in scientific publications?
The experimental reproducibility crisis has highlighted poor antibody reporting as a significant issue. According to research, publications routinely lack key details about antibodies used, making it difficult for other researchers to replicate experiments .
Essential reporting elements include:
Core Information:
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Antibody name and target (e.g., anti-DLC1)
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Supplier/source of the antibody
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Host species in which the antibody was raised
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Whether monoclonal or polyclonal
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Catalog or clone number (crucial for unambiguous identification)
Experimental Details:
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Application(s) used for (WB, IHC, IF, IP, etc.)
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Working concentration or dilution
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Species linkage (if multiple species used)
