POLD2 Antibody

Introduction to POLD2 Antibody

POLD2 antibodies are immunoglobulin-based reagents designed to bind specifically to the POLD2 protein, a 50 kDa regulatory subunit of the DNA polymerase delta complex. This complex is essential for eukaryotic DNA replication and repair processes, including nucleotide excision repair and mismatch repair . Commercial antibodies are typically rabbit-derived polyclonal reagents validated for applications such as Western blot (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and ELISA .

Antibody Characteristics

Key specifications of widely used POLD2 antibodies include:

3.1. Cancer Biology

• Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC): POLD2 is overexpressed in TNBC tissues and correlates with poor patient survival. Knockdown experiments using POLD2 antibodies demonstrated reduced cell proliferation and colony formation in TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, SUM-159) .

• Glioma: High POLD2 expression promotes glioblastoma (GBM) cell invasion and neurosphere formation. shRNA-mediated POLD2 inhibition reduced proliferation by 37–53% in A172 and U87 glioma cells .

• Pan-Cancer Analysis: Elevated POLD2 levels are linked to advanced tumor stages and shorter survival in 33 cancer types, including ovarian carcinoma and bladder urothelial carcinoma .

3.2. Mechanism of Action

• Transcriptional Regulation: E2F1 binds directly to the POLD2 promoter, driving its expression in TNBC. POLD2 knockdown antagonizes E2F1's pro-proliferative effects .

• Immune Evasion: High POLD2 expression correlates with reduced CD8+ T-cell infiltration and immunosuppressive gene signatures, suggesting a role in tumor immune evasion .

3.3. Genomic Stability

POLD2 facilitates DNA damage repair but may also promote chromosomal translocations. Its recruitment to double-strand breaks (DSBs) suggests involvement in error-prone repair processes .

Key Research Insights

• Therapeutic Potential: POLD2 inhibition reduces tumor growth in preclinical models, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target .

• Prognostic Value: High POLD2 expression is a biomarker for poor prognosis in TNBC, glioma, and bladder cancer .

• Immunotherapy Link: Negative correlations with PD-L1 and CTLA-4 suggest POLD2 could influence response to immune checkpoint inhibitors .

Limitations and Future Directions

While POLD2 antibodies have advanced understanding of DNA repair and oncogenesis, challenges remain:

• Specificity: Cross-reactivity with unrelated proteins requires rigorous validation .

• Clinical Translation: In vivo studies are needed to assess therapeutic efficacy of POLD2 targeting .