Dpp4 Antibody
Shipped with Ice Packs 
In Stock 
Description
Definition and Biological Context of DPP4 Antibody
DPP4 antibody refers to an antibody targeting dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), a multifunctional transmembrane glycoprotein also known as CD26. DPP4 is a serine exopeptidase that cleaves X-proline or X-alanine dipeptides from the N-terminus of polypeptides, regulating hormones like glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and chemokines . Antibodies against DPP4 are used to study its enzymatic activity, receptor function, and role in diseases such as diabetes, autoimmune disorders, and viral infections .
DPP4 Protein Characteristics
DPP4 exists as a dimeric membrane-bound protein or soluble form in plasma. Its enzymatic activity regulates glucose metabolism by degrading incretins, while its non-enzymatic roles include immune modulation via interactions with adenosine deaminase and cell-surface receptors .
Therapeutic Development
-
Diabetes: Anti-DPP4 antibodies inhibit DPP4 enzymatic activity, elevating GLP-1 levels to improve insulin sensitivity. A peptide vaccine targeting DPP4 epitopes (E1, E3) reduced hyperglycemia in diabetic mice .
-
Autoimmune Diseases: DPP4 antibodies modulate immune cell activity (e.g., CD4+ T cells) and are linked to Graves' disease severity .
-
Antiviral Strategies: DPP4 antibodies block MERS-CoV entry by binding to the viral receptor-binding domain .
Diagnostic and Experimental Tools
-
Western Blot (WB): Detects DPP4 at ~55–60 kDa in human and hamster tissues .
-
Immunohistochemistry (IHC): Localizes DPP4 in bronchial epithelium, kidney proximal tubules, and tumor cells .
-
Flow Cytometry: Identifies CD26 (DPP4) expression on T cells and dendritic cells .
Table 1: Select DPP4 Antibodies and Their Properties
Notable Studies
-
DPP4 Vaccine for Diabetes: Immunization with E3-KLH conjugates in mice increased anti-DPP4 titers, inhibited plasma DPP4 activity by 60%, and improved insulin sensitivity without autoimmune toxicity .
-
MERS-CoV Inhibition: Polyclonal DPP4 antibodies reduced viral infection in human bronchial cells by 90% by blocking receptor binding .
-
Autoimmune Modulation: Elevated serum DPP4 activity correlates with Graves' disease severity, suggesting diagnostic potential .
Future Directions
Product Specs
Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Lead Time
Made-to-order (12-14 weeks)
Synonyms
Dpp4; Cd26; Dipeptidyl peptidase 4; Bile canaliculus domain-specific membrane glycoprotein; Dipeptidyl peptidase IV; DPP IV; GP110 glycoprotein; T-cell activation antigen CD26; CD antigen CD26
Target Names
Uniprot No.
Target Background
Function
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is a cell surface glycoprotein receptor involved in the costimulatory signal essential for T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated T-cell activation. It acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation by binding to various molecules including ADA, CAV1, IGF2R, and PTPRC. Its interaction with CAV1 and CARD11 induces T-cell proliferation and NF-kappa-B activation in a T-cell receptor/CD3-dependent manner. Its interaction with ADA also regulates lymphocyte-epithelial cell adhesion. In conjunction with FAP, DPP-4 is involved in the pericellular proteolysis of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the migration and invasion of endothelial cells into the ECM. DPP-4 may also play a role in promoting lymphatic endothelial cells adhesion, migration, and tube formation. When overexpressed, DPP-4 enhances cell proliferation, a process inhibited by GPC3. Furthermore, DPP-4 acts as a serine exopeptidase with a dipeptidyl peptidase activity that regulates various physiological processes by cleaving peptides in the circulation, including chemokines, mitogenic growth factors, neuropeptides, and peptide hormones. It removes N-terminal dipeptides sequentially from polypeptides having unsubstituted N-termini, provided that the penultimate residue is proline.
Gene References Into Functions
Role of DPP-4 in Various Biological Processes
- Studies have shown that gestational glucocorticoid (GC) exposure during late pregnancy impairs glucose homeostasis, leading to increased endoglin levels, atherogenic dyslipidemia, pancreatic beta cell dysfunction, elevated DPP-4 activity, and altered fetal outcomes. This suggests that GC-induced glucose deregulation and inflammation during late gestation occur through an endoglin-/DPP-4-dependent pathway. PMID: 29677638
- Proteome profile array screening revealed that DPP-4 reduces matrix metalloproteinase-9, a key downstream effector of ERK-AKT signaling pathways. PMID: 27525674
- Research indicates that long-term exposure to DPP-4 inhibitors is compatible with a balanced metabolism overall. PMID: 28895067
- Bis-Pyrano Prenyl Isoflavone has been shown to improve glucose homeostasis by inhibiting DPP-4 in hyperglycemic rats. PMID: 27238050
- A study has demonstrated that DPP-4 inhibitors exhibit a neuroprotective effect against hyperthermia-induced seizures by reducing the astrocyte-mediated inflammatory response through an NF-kappaB-dependent pathway. This finding suggests that DPP-4 is involved in the incidence and progression of febrile seizures. PMID: 28372289
- DPP-4 inhibition using linagliptin may offer a novel treatment strategy for chronic kidney disease. PMID: 27083282
- DPP-4 inhibition has been shown to protect against ventricular arrhythmias by attenuating NGF-induced sympathetic innervation via the cAMP/PKA/CREB-dependent antioxidant pathway in non-diabetic infarcted rats. PMID: 26399925
- Gemiigliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, exerts a preventative effect on the proliferation and migration of VSMCs via Nrf2. PMID: 26187356
- While differences in DPP-4 expression have been observed in steatotic rat liver, these variations are not related to differences in the methylation of its gene promoter. PMID: 26359413
- Inhibition of renal DPP-4 activity induced by saxagliptin may contribute to mitigating renal injury in hypertension-related renal injury. PMID: 25936515
- DPP-4 inhibition reduces T2DM-induced increase in post-MI acute mortality, potentially by restoring the autophagic response through attenuation of Bcl-2-Beclin-1 interaction. PMID: 26259714
- Vildagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, has been shown to attenuate oxidative stress and cardiac fibrosis, improving cardiac function in rats with chronic myocardial infarction. PMID: 25823534
- Findings indicate a positive correlation between reduced stress-responsiveness and increased central NPY in DPP4mut rats. PMID: 25635612
- DPP-4 inhibitors have been observed to reduce macrophage infiltration via glucagon-like peptide-1-dependent signaling in a nephritis model. This suggests that the control of inflammation by DPP-4 inhibitors is beneficial for the treatment of nondiabetic kidney disease models. PMID: 25656369
- Bone marrow-derived cells, but not the kidney, represent a source of sDPP4. Leukocyte or macrophage subpopulations could be potential candidates for further investigation. PMID: 24874705
- DPP-4 regulates the expression of hemoglobin genes and may play a role in preserving renal function. PMID: 25122001
- Maternal deprivation, a model for postnatal stress experience, significantly influences postnatal lung development in rats. This development is modulated by the DPP-4 system. PMID: 24357522
- Long-term deficiency of DPP-4 activity has been shown to improve cardiac performance against pressure overload in rats. PMID: 24416433
- A low level of DPP-4 activity contributes to maintaining intestinal homeostasis. PMID: 23832365
- Circulating DPP-4 activity is associated with poorer cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure. PMID: 23894014
- High-fat and high-cholesterol diets increase DPP-4 expression in intestinal lymph. PMID: 23535306
- DPP-4 is a promising in situ marker of biliary functionality, not only in normal but also in fatty rats. PMID: 23361237
- Long-term loss of DPP-4 activity enhances the capability against ROS stress, which is more than GLP-1 dependent pathway. PMID: 23359639
- DPP-4 deficiency restores ischemia (but not G-CSF)-induced stem cell mobilization and improves vascular recovery in diabetic animals. PMID: 23184393
- GLP-1 analogs may serve as a novel therapeutic drug to alleviate obesity-induced liver injury by reducing bile acid synthesis and improving liver bile secretory function. PMID: 22918684
- Dipeptidyl peptidase IV regulates the proliferation of preglomerular vascular smooth muscle and mesangial cells. PMID: 22802229
- Research provides new evidence on the regulatory roles of DPP-4 in chronic heart failure. PMID: 23035207
- Seven days after artery occlusion, dipeptidyl peptidase IV immunoreactivity was found in the perikarya of surviving cortical neurons of the ipsilateral hemisphere. PMID: 22373413
- APN and DPPIV activity levels are related to the development of arthritis, with the potential to either protect against or induce susceptibility. PMID: 21982785
- A study demonstrates a reduction of anabolic effects on energy homeostasis and a centrally enhanced NPY-expression in DPP4-deficient rats under high caloric food intake. DPP4-deficiency also altered intracorporal fat distribution. PMID: 20887754
- Plasma DPP-4 activity changes in accordance with the progression of hyperinsulinemic obesity and pancreatic islet atrophy. PMID: 21139073
- Monosodium glutamate and/or food deprivation decreased the activity of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 in the soluble and membrane fraction from the hypothalamus and in the membrane fraction from the hippocampus. PMID: 20153005
- Reduced airway inflammation in CD26-deficient F344 rats appears to be mediated by differences in the recruitment and activity of Tregs. PMID: 20560982
- APM and DPPIV-DI are respectively related to the downregulation of somatostatin in food-deprived rats, and to the recovery of energy balance in monosodium glutamate obese rats during food deprivation. PMID: 19876009
- These findings demonstrate a negative regulatory role of the bronchus-associated lymphatic tissue -specific expression of CD26 in T-cell adhesion during an asthma-like inflammation. PMID: 19501934
- The 6A3 epitope was stably exposed in both native and denatured rDPP IV. Data mapped the 6A3 epitope to a surface-exposed Thr331-dependent motif D329KTTLVWN, only 11 amino acids away from L311QWLRRI on the same plane as the fifth beta-propeller blade. PMID: 19804410
- Immunoreactive endomorphin 2 was generated extracellularly by a membrane-bound DPP-IV, which was switched to "synthase" mode by the hydrolase inhibitor Ile-Pro-Ile. PMID: 19540879
- Clustered charged amino acids of human adenosine deaminase comprise a functional epitope for binding the adenosine deaminase complexing protein CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV. PMID: 11901152
- DPPIV deficiency results in improved glucose tolerance and ameliorated insulin resistance. PMID: 12031691
- Research has provided insights into the kinetics of DPPIV, its dimerization, and gelatinase activity. PMID: 12675219
- An increase in DPPIV is associated with graft rejection. Inhibition of DPPIV prevents heart graft rejection. PMID: 12675233
- The three-dimensional structure of DPPIV has been determined using cryo-TEM and single particle analysis. PMID: 12705886
- Studies have identified DPPIV-binding sites in fibronectin and the effect of binding site peptides on DPPIV/poly-fibronectin adhesion and metastasis. PMID: 12716896
- The behavioral repertoire and response to ethanol were characterized in dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV/CD26)-deficient, mutant Japanese, German, and wild-type-like F344 rat substrains. PMID: 14568317
- Research suggests the presence of a yet to be characterized signaling mechanism whereby DPP IV has access to c-Src-containing signaling platforms. PMID: 16478473
- Short-term DP IV inhibition does not eliminate the satiety actions of exogenously administered peptide YY at the doses tested. PMID: 16802131
- Research findings extend earlier observations and illustrate the role of CD26/DPP IV in alloantigen-mediated immune responses. PMID: 16962474
- The X-ray structure confirms that the binding mode of rat DPPIV is similar to the parent xanthines. PMID: 17010607
- Inhibition of intragraft DPP IV activity significantly reduced ischemia/reperfusion-associated pulmonary injury, allowing for successful transplantation after 18 hours of ischemia. PMID: 17175274
- Rats with a high-fat diet exhibited a significant increase in DPP-IV expression and activity in the intestine and kidneys, but no change in the liver. PMID: 17583752
Database Links
Protein Families
Peptidase S9B family, DPPIV subfamily
Subcellular Location
[Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 soluble form]: Secreted.; Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Apical cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Cell projection, invadopodium membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Cell projection, lamellipodium membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Cell junction. Membrane raft.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in bile ducts and other epithelial brush borders (small intestine, kidney, colon, pancreatic duct); acinar structures in salivary glands; endothelial structures and T cell areas in thymus, spleen and lymph node.
Quick Inquiry
Personal Email Detected
Please use an institutional or corporate email address for inquiries. Personal email accounts ( such as Gmail, Yahoo, and Outlook) are not accepted. *
