EPCAM Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

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Description

Definition and Biological Significance

EPCAM (Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule, CD326) is a 40 kDa glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion, proliferation, and tumorigenesis . Recombinant monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against EpCAM are produced using advanced genetic engineering to ensure high specificity and reproducibility. These antibodies bind to extracellular epitopes of EpCAM, enabling targeted cancer therapies and diagnostics .

Development Methods

Key methodologies for generating EPCAM recombinant mAbs include:

MethodDescriptionExample AntibodySource
Cell-Based Immunization (CBIS)Immunization with EpCAM-expressing CHO cells followed by hybridoma screeningrecEpMab-37 (mouse IgG1κ)
Phage DisplayLibrary screening using EpCAM extracellular domain peptidesAdecatumumab (Human IgG2)
Hybridoma TechnologyFusion of splenocytes from immunized mice with myeloma cellsFMU-EpCAM-2A9 (mouse IgG)
Recombinant DNA CloningCloning of variable regions from immunized animals into expression vectorsAnti-EpCAM scFv-PE38KDEL

Binding Affinity

  • recEpMab-37: KD = 2.0 × 10⁻⁸ M (CHO/EpCAM) and 3.2 × 10⁻⁸ M (Caco-2 cells) .

  • Adecatumumab: Binds EpCAM with sub-nanomolar affinity, validated in flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry .

Internalization Efficiency

Antibodies targeting the EpCL domain show superior internalization, making them suitable for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) .

Cytotoxicity

  • Immunotoxin scFv2A9-PE: IC₅₀ = 50 pM against EpCAM-positive HHCC cells .

  • Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC): Demonstrated by Adecatumumab in prostate cancer models .

Clinical Use Cases

ApplicationAntibodyOutcomeSource
Circulating Tumor Cell DetectionAnti-EpCAM mAbs (EpCL-targeting)High specificity for CTC isolation in colorectal/breast cancers
ADC DevelopmentrecEpMab-37Effective in preclinical models of colorectal carcinoma
ImmunotoxinsscFv2A9-PE38KDELInduced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma via ER localization

Diagnostic Validation

  • Western Blotting: recEpMab-37 detects EpCAM at 40 kDa in Caco-2 lysates .

  • Immunohistochemistry: Robust staining of formalin-fixed colorectal carcinoma tissues .

Challenges and Innovations

  • Conformational Sensitivity: Recombinant EpCAM fragments (e.g., EpEX) may lack native folding, reducing antibody binding in ELISA .

  • Species Cross-Reactivity: Most mAbs are human-specific, limiting preclinical testing in non-primate models .

  • Bispecific Antibodies: Emerging designs combine EpCAM targeting with immune checkpoint inhibitors to enhance efficacy .

Product Specs

Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Lead Time
Typically, we are able to ship products within 1-3 business days of receiving your order. Delivery timelines may vary depending on the purchase method and destination. Please consult your local distributors for specific delivery information.
Synonyms
17 1A antibody; 323/A3 antibody; Adenocarcinoma associated antigen antibody; Adenocarcinoma-associated antigen antibody; Antigen identified by monoclonal antibody AUA1 antibody; AUA1 antibody; CD326 antibody; CD326 antigen antibody; Cell surface glycoprotein Trop 1 antibody; Cell surface glycoprotein Trop 2 antibody; Cell surface glycoprotein Trop-1 antibody; CO 17A antibody; CO17 1A antibody; CO17A antibody; DIAR5 antibody; EGP 2 antibody; EGP antibody; EGP2 antibody; EGP314 antibody; EGP40 antibody; Ep CAM antibody; Ep-CAM antibody; EPCAM antibody; EPCAM_HUMAN antibody; EpCAM1 antibody; Epithelial cell adhesion molecule antibody; Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Intracellular Domain (EpCAM-ICD) antibody; Epithelial cell surface antigen antibody; Epithelial cellular adhesion molecule antibody; Epithelial glycoprotein 1 antibody; Epithelial glycoprotein 314 antibody; Epithelial glycoprotein antibody; ESA antibody; GA733 1 antibody; GA733 2 antibody; GA733-2 antibody; gastrointestinal tumor-associated antigen 2; 35-KD glycoprotein antibody; gp4 antibody; hEGP 2 antibody; hEGP314 antibody; HNPCC8 antibody; Human epithelial glycoprotein 2 antibody; KS 1/4 antigen antibody; KS1/4 antibody; KSA antibody; Ly74 antibody; Lymphocyte antigen 74 antibody; M1S 1 antibody; M1S2 antibody; M4S1 antibody; Major gastrointestinal tumor associated protein GA733 2 antibody; Major gastrointestinal tumor-associated protein GA733-2 antibody; mEGP314 antibody; Membrane component chromosome 4 surface marker (35kD glycoprotein) antibody; Membrane component; chromosome 4; surface marker 1 antibody; Membrane component; chromosome 4; surface marker antibody; MIC18 antibody; MK 1 antibody; Protein 289A antibody; TACD1 antibody; TACSTD1 antibody; TROP1 antibody; Tumor associated calcium signal transducer 1 antibody; Tumor associated calcium signal transducer 2 precursor antibody; Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 1 antibody
Target Names
Uniprot No.

Target Background

Function
EPCAM, or Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule, plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the mucosal epithelium. It serves as a physical link between intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), forming a critical first line of defense against mucosal infections. Furthermore, EPCAM is involved in the regulation of embryonic stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Its presence upregulates the expression of FABP5, MYC, and cyclins A and E, promoting cell growth and development.
Gene References Into Functions
  1. This research demonstrates a novel approach utilizing a combination of EpCAM and FRalpha as targets for CTC capture, significantly enhancing the sensitivity and efficiency of CTC detection in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PMID: 29352248
  2. This review explores the multifaceted functions of EpCAM in physiological processes and various diseases. PMID: 30015855
  3. Our findings suggest that GA733-2-Fc conjugated with the ER-retention motif KDEL is a more effective antigen for preventing tumor growth induced by colorectal carcinoma while minimizing allergic responses. PMID: 30249898
  4. Extracellular vesicles tend to localize in the intestinal tract, associating with epithelial cell adhesion molecule. PMID: 27721471
  5. Overexpression of EpCAM and melan-A is linked to malignant melanoma. PMID: 29076925
  6. Quercetin has been shown to suppress breast cancer stem cell proliferation, self-renewal, and invasiveness. It also reduces the expression of proteins associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression, such as aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4, mucin 1, and epithelial cell adhesion molecules. PMID: 29353288
  7. Adenocarcinomas exhibited significantly higher staining scores for both VEGF and alphaSMA compared to squamous cell carcinomas. In 42 cases with high CD31 scores, patients with lung cancer showing mature tumor vessels had a significantly better five-year survival rate (87%) compared to those with immature tumor vessels (69%). PMID: 29970536
  8. A novel EPCAM founder deletion causing Lynch Syndrome has been identified in the Polish population. PMID: 28369810
  9. This review provides updated insights into the EpCAM field, simplifying the understanding of its biological role and showcasing promising therapeutic tools developed using antibodies and vaccines for various cancer types with the aim of improving patient outcomes. PMID: 29759567
  10. This is the first demonstration that the low sensitivity of CellSearch(R) in detecting circulating tumor cells in colorectal cancer patients is not attributed to the lack of EpCAM. PMID: 28604994
  11. Data suggest that epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) can serve as an additional marker for distinguishing cystic lesions in the sellar region. PMID: 27431859
  12. Data indicate that epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) demonstrates high tumor distinctiveness. PMID: 28820475
  13. Low expressions of Oct4-EpCAM in IHC and CD133 in qPCR may reveal roles in gastric cancer. PMID: 27557490
  14. EpCAM expression contributes to tumor resistance to chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer. PMID: 28574829
  15. The current findings suggest that Ep-CAM expression may be associated with CRC carcinogenesis, while its loss is correlated with the progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis of CRC. Ep-CAM expression may be a valuable biomarker for the clinical diagnosis of CRC. PMID: 28558958
  16. This study identified a positive correlation between EpCAM and COX-2 expression in breast cancer cell lines and tissue specimens. EpCAM and COX-2 were associated with the prognosis of breast cancer patients. PMID: 28393249
  17. CD133+ cells exhibited genetic heterogeneity among patients without any defined profile compared to CD133-/EpCAM+ cells. PMID: 28347289
  18. Combining targets like E-cadherin, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), human epidermal growth receptor type 2 (Her2/neu), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) resulted in nearly 100% detection of ductal ovarian metastases, while the combination of EMA, Her2/neu, and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) proved most effective for detecting lobular ovarian metastases. PMID: 28327103
  19. Whole-genome sequencing identified the homozygous intronic variant EPCAM c.556-14A>G, considered explanatory for the patient's intractable diarrhea and providing a diagnosis of congenital tufting enteropathy. PMID: 28701297
  20. Low EPCAM expression is associated with colorectal carcinoma. PMID: 26528695
  21. Our study provided clinical evidence for EpCAM intracellular domain as a predictor of cancer development in patients with oral dysplasia and recurrence in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. PMID: 27421772
  22. Elevated epithelial cell adhesion molecule EpCAM (mRNA+) CTC and Treg/CD4(+) levels were associated with early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), indicating a poor clinical outcome. PMID: 27439521
  23. These observations offer valuable insights into the regulation of EpCAM expression during EMT, demonstrating an unexpected role for EpCAM in regulating ERK and defining a novel double-negative feedback loop between EpCAM and ERK that contributes to the regulation of EMT. PMID: 28192403
  24. This study highlights the potential of an EpCAM-specific NIR-fluorescent agent in combination with a clinically validated intraoperative imaging system to visualize various tumors during surgery. PMID: 27842504
  25. The studies identified the characteristics and function of EpCAM glycosylation sites on breast cancer cell adhesion. PMID: 28315854
  26. These results identify EpCAM as a substrate of matriptase and link HAI-2, matriptase, EpCAM, and claudin-7 in a functionally important pathway that causes disease when dysregulated. PMID: 28094766
  27. The EpCAM aptamer conjugated NCS demonstrated specificity to EpCAM-positive cells. PMID: 28668853
  28. Pseudomyxoma peritonei ubiquitously express CEA and EpCAM. PMID: 27038681
  29. This research explores the relationship between EpCAM-regulated transcription and altered biophysical properties of cells that promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in advanced endometrial cancer. PMID: 27569206
  30. This study employed a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach. NY-SAR-35 expression induced growth, proliferation, metastasis, and stemness genes, as indicated by the up-regulation of CXCR4, EpCAM, CD133, and CD44 at both mRNA and protein levels. PMID: 28126340
  31. These results indicate that adipocyte-secreted factors might regulate cancer stem cell behavior through several signaling molecules, including c-Met, STAT3, and ERK1/2. Inhibition of these signaling pathways offers novel strategies for targeting the effects of adipose-derived cytokines in cancer. PMID: 27131739
  32. The meta-analysis revealed that the expression of EpCAM in the gastric cancer group was higher than in the control group. Moreover, EpCAM overexpression was associated with larger tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and a worse prognosis in gastric cancer. [review] PMID: 28403178
  33. The expression of EpCAM(MT) is associated with a more aggressive phenotype and predicts poor survival in patients with colorectal cancer. PMID: 26996277
  34. Higher levels of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) in breast cancer may be associated with a poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) via a potential chemoresistant effect. PMID: 27041736
  35. By monitoring the change in fluorescence signal, the target EpCAM protein could be detected sensitively and selectively with a linear detection range from 3nM to 54nM and a limit of detection (LOD) around 450pM. This nanobiosensor has been successfully utilized for EpCAM-expressed breast cancer MCF-7 cell detection. PMID: 27614683
  36. EpCAM, CD44, and CD133 expression could be potential markers for Barrett esophagus disease progression. PMID: 28216140
  37. These findings provide important insights into the regulation of epithelial cell adhesion molecule apoptosis and suggest epithelial cell adhesion molecule as a potential target for the treatment of breast cancer. PMID: 28349835
  38. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule exhibited a distinct expression pattern among salivary gland neoplasms and in different grades of mucoepidermoid carcinomas. PMID: 27649957
  39. Our research concluded that the peptide could be a better supplement to the EpCAM antibody for capturing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in a microfluidic system with a broader spectrum. PMID: 27818051
  40. This study presents a molecular characterization of congenital tufting enteropathy in Italian patients, identifying three mutations in the EpCAM gene. PMID: 26684320
  41. EpCAM serves as a potential biomarker of prognostic significance that could be used to identify oral squamous cell carcinoma patients at high risk and predict patient survival. PMID: 26401964
  42. Findings indicate that the EGF-like domain of EpCAM is cleaved off in cancer cells that have undergone epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PMID: 26775583
  43. Based on these results, it can be concluded that EpCAM is suitable for use as an EC biomarker, therapeutic target, and effective parameter for tumor transfer and prognosis evaluation by aptamer SYL3C staining. PMID: 26687301
  44. CHD4 was abundantly expressed in EpCAM(+) hepatocellular carcinoma with the expression of hepatic stem cell markers and a poor prognosis in two independent cohorts. PMID: 26095183
  45. Flow cytometry assay revealed that doxorubicin exposure decreased EpCAM-positive cell quantities in three HCC cell lines. EpCAM siRNA knock-down attenuated cell mortality after doxorubicin exposure. PMID: 26984381
  46. EpCAM-based capture detects and recovers circulating tumor cells from all subtypes of breast cancer except those with low claudin expression. PMID: 26556851
  47. Increased Expression of EPCAM mRNA is associated with Recurrence After Curative Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. PMID: 25791790
  48. This research revealed a new molecular mechanism of MTA1-mediated invasion and metastasis in lung cancer through its downstream target EpCAM. Interfering with EpCAM function may be a novel therapeutic strategy for treating MTA1-overexpressing lung carcinoma. PMID: 26698569
  49. Knockdown of EpCAM can inhibit breast cancer cell growth and metastasis by inhibiting the Ras/Raf/ERK signaling pathway and MMP-9. PMID: 26356670
  50. Results indicate that the anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) monoclonal antibody could potentially be used for cancer-targeted therapy. PMID: 26317650

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Database Links

HGNC: 11529

OMIM: 185535

KEGG: hsa:4072

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000263735

UniGene: Hs.542050

Involvement In Disease
Diarrhea 5, with tufting enteropathy, congenital (DIAR5); Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer 8 (HNPCC8)
Protein Families
EPCAM family
Subcellular Location
Lateral cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell junction, tight junction.
Tissue Specificity
Highly and selectively expressed by undifferentiated rather than differentiated embryonic stem cells (ESC). Levels rapidly diminish as soon as ESC's differentiate (at protein levels). Expressed in almost all epithelial cell membranes but not on mesodermal

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