FDM2 Antibody

Definition and Target Protein

The FDM2 antibody targets ferredoxin-2 (FDX2), a mitochondrial protein critical for electron transport and redox reactions. FDX2 belongs to the Adrenodoxin/putidaredoxin protein family, with a molecular weight of ~19.9 kDa and a canonical length of 186 amino acids . It is expressed in mitochondria, with highest levels observed in testis, kidney, and brain tissues .

Applications of FDM2 Antibodies

Role in Electron Transport and Disease

FDX2 facilitates electron transfer in mitochondrial redox pathways, particularly in tissues with high energy demands . Its dysfunction is implicated in mitochondrial myopathy, a disorder characterized by muscle weakness and metabolic defects .

Key Observations

1. Expression Patterns:

   • Highest FDX2 levels are detected in testis, kidney, and brain, correlating with tissues requiring robust energy production .

2. Pathological Links:

   • Alternative splicing of FDX2 yields isoforms with potential roles in disease progression .

3. Cross-Species Conservation:

   • Orthologs exist in mammals, amphibians, and fish, indicating conserved biological functions .

Antibody Specificity and Validation

• Cross-reactivity: FDX2 antibodies must be validated against structurally similar proteins (e.g., ferredoxin-1) to ensure specificity .

• Isotype Selection: IgG or IgM antibodies are preferred for Western blot and ELISA, respectively .

Experimental Design

Future Directions

• Therapeutic Potential: FDX2 antibodies may aid in diagnosing mitochondrial disorders or monitoring therapeutic interventions .

• Mechanistic Studies: Investigating FDX2’s interaction with electron transport chain components (e.g., cytochrome P450 reductase) using immunoprecipitation .