FLA14 Antibody

Overview of FLA14 in Biological Systems

FLA14 is a context-dependent term referring to distinct biological entities in different organisms. Below, we delineate its roles in Arabidopsis pollen development and Chlamydomonas flagellar assembly, alongside relevant antibody applications.

FLA14 in Arabidopsis: Pollen Development and Intine Formation

Key Findings from Arabidopsis Studies (Source ):

• Function:

  • FLA14 encodes a pollen-specific fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein (FLA) critical for pollen wall development.

  • Prevents premature pollen germination under high humidity by maintaining intine (inner pollen wall) integrity.

• Localization:

  • Localizes to the plasma membrane and Hechtian strands (plasma membrane extensions during plasmolysis).

• Mutant Phenotypes:

  • fla14 mutants exhibit precocious germination inside anthers.

  • Overexpression causes abnormal pollen with thickened intine or collapsed structure, reducing fertility.

Experimental Tools:

• ProFLA14::eGFP-GUS transgenic lines confirmed pollen-specific expression via GUS staining and fluorescence microscopy.

• Subcellular localization studies used eGFP-FLA14 fusions in onion epidermal cells.

FLA14 in Chlamydomonas: Flagellar Assembly and Retrograde IFT

Role in Intraflagellar Transport (IFT) (Sources ):

• Function:

  • FLA14 is a dynein light intermediate chain (LIC) component essential for retrograde IFT, which transports cargo from flagellar tips to cell bodies.

  • Mutants (fla14) display immotile, shortened flagella filled with IFT particles.

• Ubiquitylation:

  • α-Tubulin ubiquitylation at K304 in fla14 mutants reduces flagellar disassembly rates under stress (e.g., nocodazole treatment).

Antibody Applications (Source ):

• cDHC1b and LIC Antibodies:

  • Western blots confirmed dynein heavy chain (cDHC1b) and LIC levels in fla14 mutants.

  • Immunofluorescence localized cDHC1b/LIC complexes to peribasal body regions but not flagellar stubs.

FLAD1 Antibody: A Common Confusion

While unrelated to FLA14, FLAD1 (FAD synthetase homolog) antibodies are commercially available and widely used in metabolic studies (Sources ):

Key Use Cases:

• Detects FLAD1 in liver tissue (rat/mouse) and cell lines (HepG2, K-562).

• Critical for studying FAD biosynthesis in metabolic disorders.

Research Implications and Gaps

• FLA14 Antibody Availability:

  • No direct commercial antibodies for Arabidopsis or Chlamydomonas FLA14 are cited in the provided sources.

  • Studies rely on transgenic reporters (e.g., eGFP-FLA14) or dynein complex antibodies (e.g., cDHC1b).

• Therapeutic Potential:

  • Arabidopsis FLA14 manipulation could improve crop fertility under humid conditions.

  • Chlamydomonas fla14 models aid in understanding ciliary diseases (e.g., Bardet-Biedl syndrome).