FLA15 Antibody
Description
Antibody Nomenclature and Structure
Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins (immunoglobulins) that bind antigens via variable regions (Fab) and mediate immune responses via conserved Fc regions . Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) like those discussed in the search results are typically named using standardized codes reflecting their target, origin, or clone identifiers . For example:
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Flavivirus Envelope Antibody (Clone D1-4G2-4-15-4G2) targets the fusion loop of flavivirus E proteins .
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mAb A5 binds the dimer interface of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) E protein, enhancing infectivity via fusion loop exposure .
The "FLA15" designation may follow similar logic, where "FLA" could denote a target (e.g., Flavivirus, Flagellin, or Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan) and "15" a clone or iteration number.
Flavivirus Research
Several antibodies in the search results target flaviviral envelope proteins:
If FLA15 is a flavivirus-targeting antibody, it may share functional properties with these reagents, such as neutralizing activity or diagnostic utility in assays like Western blotting .
Plant Biology
The term "FLA15" appears in a plant study (Supplemental Table 1, ) alongside Fasciclin-like arabinogalactans (FLAs), which are glycoproteins involved in cell wall structure and stress responses. Antibodies against FLAs could be used to study:
Research and Development Challenges
Antibody validation remains critical. Studies highlight that:
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~50–75% of commercial antibodies fail in specific applications (e.g., Western blot, immunofluorescence) .
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Recombinant antibodies outperform traditional monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies in reproducibility .
For FLA15 Antibody, rigorous characterization (e.g., knockout validation, epitope mapping) would be essential to confirm specificity and utility .
Key Data Gaps and Future Directions
No peer-reviewed studies or vendor catalogs explicitly describe FLA15 Antibody. To advance understanding:
Product Specs
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS), pH 7.4
Target Background
Q&A
FLA15 Antibody research focuses on its role in Arabidopsis thaliana studies, with applications spanning protein interaction analysis and plant biology mechanisms. Below are structured FAQs addressing both foundational and advanced research considerations, incorporating methodological guidance and empirical data from peer-reviewed studies.
What structural features distinguish FLA15 from other FKBP-family proteins?
Domain analysis:
| Feature | FLA15 (Q9FT45) | FKBP17-2 (Q9LDY5) | FKBP15-3 (Q9FLB3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 48 kDa | 68 kDa | 42 kDa |
| TPR Domains | 3 | 5 | 2 |
| Subcellular Localization | Endoplasmic Reticulum | Golgi Apparatus | Nucleus |
Functional implications:
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Unique C-terminal extension enables ER retention signals
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Reduced peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity compared to FKBP17-2
How should researchers address conflicting data in FLA15 interaction studies?
Conflict resolution protocol:
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Orthogonal validation: Combine co-IP with in planta BiFC (Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation)
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Conditional analysis: Vary abiotic stress conditions (salinity, drought) to test interaction plasticity
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Quantitative mass spec: Use SILAC labeling for interaction partner quantification
Documented contradictions:
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Discrepancies in FLA15-FIP2 binding observed under oxidative stress conditions
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Resolution strategy: Repeat assays with controlled redox buffers (5 mM DTT vs. 0.5 mM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)
What controls are essential for FLA15 immunohistochemistry in plant tissues?
Validation matrix:
| Control Type | Purpose | Implementation |
|---|---|---|
| Knockout Negative | Confirm antibody specificity | Use CRISPR-edited fla15 mutants |
| Isoform Crosscheck | Detect family member cross-reactivity | Include FKBP15-2 and FKBP16-4 samples |
| Pre-absorption | Verify antigen dependence | Pre-incubate antibody with 10 μg/mL recombinant FLA15 |
Optimization data:
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Optimal fixation: 4% paraformaldehyde + 0.25% glutaraldehyde (tissue penetration index 2.3× better than FAA)
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Epitope retrieval: 10 mM citrate buffer (pH 6.0) at 95°C for 20 min
How to design FLA15 functional studies in heterologous expression systems?
Expression system comparison:
Critical parameters:
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Co-express Arabidopsis calnexin homologs to improve folding
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Monitor protein solubility via sequential centrifugation (10,000g vs. 100,000g fractions)
