FLI1 antibodies target the FLI1 protein, a 51 kDa nuclear transcription factor with roles in hematopoietic development and oncogenesis . FLI1 contains:
PNT domain (aa 112–198): Mediates protein interactions.
ETS DNA-binding domain (aa 281–361): Facilitates DNA recognition of 5’-C[CA]GGAAGT-3’ motifs .
FLI1 is dysregulated in malignancies like Ewing’s sarcoma (via EWS/FLI1 fusion) , erythroleukemia , and autoimmune diseases .
Ewing’s Sarcoma: FLI1 antibodies detect EWS/FLI1 fusion proteins (sensitivity: 75–100%) . Dual staining with CD99 improves diagnostic accuracy .
Vascular Tumors: Nuclear FLI1 staining distinguishes angiosarcomas and hemangiomas (sensitivity >90%) .
Leukemia: Overexpression in acute myeloid leukemia correlates with poor prognosis .
FLI1 dysregulation contributes to systemic sclerosis (SSc) and lupus by modulating immune cell function and cytokine production .
Small-molecule inhibitors (e.g., calcimycin, CPT) block FLI1 DNA binding, inducing apoptosis in murine erythroleukemia models :
| Compound | Effect | Outcome |
|---|---|---|
| Calcimycin | Inhibits Fli-1 phosphorylation | 50% tumor burden reduction |
| CPT | Reduces Fli-1 mRNA | Extended survival in mice |
FLI1 drives IFN-γ-induced IDO1/kynurenine production in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, promoting T-cell exhaustion. Pharmacological FLI1 inhibition restores anti-tumor immunity .
Key PTMs modulate FLI1 activity :
| Residue | Modification | Functional Impact |
|---|---|---|
| S10, S13 | Phosphorylation | Transcriptional regulation |
| K240, K380 | Ubiquitination | Protein degradation |
| T312 | Phosphorylation | DNA binding inhibition |
The t(11;22) translocation generates EWS/FLI1, a 65–75 kDa oncoprotein detected by monoclonal antibodies (e.g., clone 1.1, KD = 300 nM) . This fusion alters chromatin accessibility, driving tumorigenesis .
Multimodal Antibodies: Hybridoma-derived mAbs enable EWS/FLI1 detection in immunoprecipitation, Western blot, and confocal microscopy .
Immune Microenvironment: FLI1 blockade combined with checkpoint inhibitors enhances tumor eradication .
FLI1, a member of the ETS family of transcription factors, plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, and development. Research has revealed its involvement in a range of physiological and pathological conditions, particularly in cancer and vascular disorders.
Here are some key insights from scientific literature:
These findings highlight the multifaceted role of FLI1 in various biological processes and its potential as a therapeutic target for a range of diseases.