LFNR1 Antibody
Description
Introduction to IFNAR1 Antibody
IFNAR1 (Interferon Alpha Receptor 1) is a critical component of the type I interferon (IFN) receptor complex, mediating responses to IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-ω. IFNAR1 antibodies are tools or therapeutic agents designed to bind this receptor, modulating immune responses. These antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and therapeutic development, particularly in viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.
Research Antibodies
Used in immunohistochemistry (IHC), flow cytometry, and Western blotting to study IFNAR1 expression and function.
Therapeutic Antibodies
Under investigation for immunomodulation in viral infections or autoimmune diseases.
| Mechanism | Example Use Case |
|---|---|
| Blockade | Preventing excessive IFN signaling in autoinflammatory diseases . |
| Activation | Enhancing antiviral responses in IFNAR1-deficient patients . |
Role in Viral Immunity
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IFNAR1 Deficiency: Linked to severe COVID-19, influenza pneumonia, and JEV (Japanese Encephalitis Virus) encephalitis. Patients with IFNAR1 mutations show impaired responses to IFN-α/ω but retain IFN-β responsiveness .
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Antibody Utility: IFNAR1 antibodies enable detection of receptor expression levels in patient samples, aiding diagnostics .
Cancer and Immunotherapy
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Immunosuppression: High IFNAR1 expression in HNSCC correlates with poor prognosis. IFNAR1 signaling promotes PDL1 upregulation, fostering immune evasion .
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Therapeutic Target: Neutralizing IFNAR1 may restore antitumor immunity by reducing PDL1 expression .
Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases
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Pathogenic Autoantibodies: Neutralizing anti-IFN antibodies (not anti-IFNAR1) are implicated in autoinflammatory syndromes .
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Diagnostic Potential: IFNAR1 antibodies could identify dysregulated IFN signaling in lupus or rheumatoid arthritis.
Diagnostic Applications
Research Challenges
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Antibody Specificity: Cross-reactivity with homologous receptors (e.g., IFNAR2) requires rigorous validation .
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Standardization: Variability in IHC staining protocols across studies .
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Therapeutic Efficacy: Limited clinical data on IFNAR1-targeting therapies .
High-Throughput Screening
Projects like NeuroMab and PCRP emphasize rigorous antibody characterization via ELISA, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting to ensure specificity .
Product Specs
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Target Background
Functional Studies of FNR1:
- Oxidative Stress Response: In fnr1 knockout studies, NADP(H) and glutathione pools exhibit increased oxidation compared to wild-type plants, demonstrating the absence of photoprotective effects despite transcriptional evidence of oxidative stress. (PMID: 27634426)
- Flowering Time Regulation: FNR1 serves as a key regulator of flowering time in response to nitrogen availability. (PMID: 27325772)
- Post-Translational Regulation: The intricate regulatory mechanisms governing AtFNR highlight the complexity of chloroplast protein control through various post-translational modifications. (PMID: 25301888)
- Photosynthetic Machinery and Photoprotection: FNR1 depletion leads to downregulation of the photosynthetic apparatus and the induction of photoprotective mechanisms. (PMID: 22300243)
- Cyclic Electron Transfer: FNR1 mutants show increased cyclic electron transfer rates under standard growth conditions. (PMID: 19054362)
Q&A
Here’s a structured collection of FAQs tailored for academic researchers working with L1 antibodies (assuming "LFNR1" refers to L1-related antibodies, as no direct references to "LFNR1" were found in the search results):
Advanced Research Questions
How to resolve contradictory data on L1’s role in tumor progression vs. neural repair?
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Analytical framework:
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Context-dependent analysis: Compare L1 isoforms (full-length vs. cleaved) using domain-specific antibodies (e.g., anti-Ig1-4 vs. anti-FnIII1-3) .
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Use transcriptomic correlation (e.g., RNA-seq with L1 expression) to distinguish tumorigenic vs. neuroprotective pathways .
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Example table for conflicting results:
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How to design experiments probing L1’s dual role in immune activation and tumor evasion?
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Experimental design:
What methods address L1 antibody cross-reactivity with embryonal or neuronal isoforms?
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Solutions:
Methodological Challenges & Troubleshooting
How to interpret variable anti-L1 antibody performance across cancer types?
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Strategies:
What computational tools assist in L1 antibody engineering?
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Resources:
