FRS2 Antibody

Types and Characteristics of FRS2 Antibodies

Western Blotting (WB)

• Detection of FRS2 Expression:

  • Identifies FRS2 in lysates from cancer cell lines (e.g., MCF-7, PC-12) and tissues .

  • Detects phosphorylation-dependent mobility shifts (e.g., ~85 kDa vs. 57–68 kDa non-phosphorylated) .

• Example: FRS2 antibodies confirm reduced tyrosine phosphorylation (Y436) in NSCLC cells with FRS2 knockdown, correlating with ERK inhibition .

Immunoprecipitation (IP)

• Protein Complex Analysis:

  • Co-immunoprecipitates FRS2 with Grb2, Shp2, or ERK2 to study signaling interactions .

  • Reveals FRS2-ERK2 interactions depend on ERK2’s CD domain and phosphorylation status .

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

• Tissue Localization:

  • Identifies FRS2 overexpression in NSCLC and retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) specimens .

  • Correlates high FRS2 expression with advanced tumor stage and poor prognosis .

Fluorescence Microscopy (IF/ICC)

• Subcellular Localization:

  • Visualizes FRS2 at the plasma membrane and perinuclear regions in activated cells .

  • Confirms FRS2 phosphorylation (e.g., Y436) in response to growth factor stimulation .

Role in Cancer Progression

• FRS2 Overexpression:

  • Observed in NSCLC, sarcomas, and thyroid cancer; linked to metastasis and poor survival .

  • Mechanism: Drives ERK1/2 activation, promoting proliferation and invasion (e.g., in A549 and H1975 NSCLC cells) .

• Therapeutic Targeting:

  • FRS2 inhibition suppresses FGFR/ERK signaling, reducing tumor growth in preclinical models .

Signaling Regulation

• ERK2-FRS2 Feedback Loop:

  • ERK2 phosphorylates FRS2 at threonine residues, inhibiting tyrosine phosphorylation and downstream signaling .

  • Disruption of this loop enhances FRS2-Grb2 interactions and MAPK activation .

• Crosstalk with Other Pathways:

  • FRS2 integrates signals from FGF/NGF receptors to PI3K/AKT and PLCγ pathways .

Technical Considerations

• Antibody Validation:

  • Specificity: Phospho-specific antibodies (e.g., AF5126) require stringent controls to avoid cross-reactivity .

  • Optimization: Reducing agents (e.g., β-mercaptoethanol) may alter FRS2 migration in SDS-PAGE .

• Limitations:

  • Polyclonal antibodies may detect non-specific bands; monoclonal clones (e.g., MAB4069) offer higher precision .