Customize FUC95A Antibody

Description

Introduction to FUC95A Antibody

The FUC95A Antibody is a high-specificity monoclonal antibody targeting the FUC95A (AXY8) protein in Arabidopsis thaliana. This enzyme belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase family (GH95) and functions as a fucosylhydrolase, specifically removing α-1,2-linked fucose residues from xyloglucans (XyGs), a major component of plant cell walls . The antibody is widely used in plant biology to study XyG structural modifications, which influence cell wall elasticity, growth, and responses to environmental cues like auxin .

Functional Role of FUC95A in XyG Remodeling

FUC95A (AXY8) is critical for modifying XyG structures by cleaving fucose side chains. This activity contrasts with other fucosyltransferases (e.g., MUR2) and galactosidases (e.g., BGAL10), which add or remove galactose residues, respectively . Key distinctions include:

Enzyme	Function	Substrate Specificity
FUC95A (AXY8)	Removes α-1,2-linked fucose	XyG fucosylation
MUR2	Adds fucose to XyG via transferase	XyG fucosylation
BGAL10	Removes galactose residues	XyG galactosylation

Auxin-Dependent XyG Remodeling

Auxin regulates plant growth by altering XyG structures. A study using the CCRC-M1 antibody (detects fucosylated XyG epitopes) and FUC95A mutants revealed:

Auxin asymmetry (induced via gravistimulation) correlates with spatial changes in XyG fucosylation in dark-grown hypocotyls .
FUC95A mutants (e.g., axy8) showed no significant changes in auxin sensitivity compared to wild-type plants, indicating auxin does not directly regulate FUC95A transcription .

Epitope Mapping and Functional Studies

Target specificity: FUC95A exclusively acts on XyG fucosylation, not arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) .
Enzyme activity: FUC95A’s removal of fucose enhances XyG solubility and cell wall extensibility, critical for growth responses .

Key Studies Using FUC95A Antibody

Study Purpose	Methods	Key Findings
Auxin’s role in XyG remodeling	Gravistimulation, CCRC-M1 staining	Auxin asymmetry alters XyG fucosylation
FUC95A substrate specificity	Mutant analysis (e.g., mur2, axy8)	FUC95A acts solely on XyG, not AGPs
Auxin regulation of XyG genes	qPCR, YUC6 induction	FUC95A transcripts unchanged by auxin

Mechanistic Insights from FUC95A Research

FUC95A’s enzymatic activity is pivotal for balancing XyG cross-linking and loosening:

Fucose removal by FUC95A promotes XyG solubility, enabling cell wall relaxation during growth .
Auxin-independent regulation: Unlike MUR3 (galactosyltransferase), FUC95A transcription is not directly influenced by auxin, suggesting post-translational control .

Product Specs

Buffer

Preservative: 0.03% ProClin 300
Components: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4

Form

Liquid

Lead Time

14-16 weeks (Made-to-order)

Synonyms

FUC95A antibody; AXY8 antibody; At4g34260 antibody; F10M10.30Alpha-L-fucosidase 2 antibody; EC 3.2.1.51 antibody; Alpha-1,2-fucosidase 2 antibody; Alpha-L-fucosidase 95A antibody; AtFuc95A antibody; Alpha-L-fucoside fucohydrolase 2 antibody; Protein ALTERED XYLOGLUCAN 8 antibody

Target Names

FUC95A

Uniprot No.

Q8L7W8

Target Background

Function

This antibody targets an enzyme that hydrolyzes alpha-1,2-linked fucose residues. It exhibits activity against fucosylated xyloglucan oligosaccharides but not against 3-fucosyllactose, p-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside, lacto-N-fucopentaose II, lacto-N-fucopentaose III, or alpha-1,6-fucosylated chitopentaose. This enzyme is implicated in apoplastic xyloglucan metabolism.

Gene References Into Functions

Arabidopsis thaliana gene At4g34260 primarily acts on hemicellulose xyloglucan within the apoplast. PMID: 22080600
The Arabidopsis thaliana gene AtFuc95A plays a role in xyloglucan metabolism. PMID: 18495185

Database Links

KEGG: ath:AT4G34260

STRING: 3702.AT4G34260.1

UniGene: At.45833

Protein Families

Glycosyl hydrolase 95 family

Subcellular Location

Secreted, extracellular space, apoplast.

Tissue Specificity

Ubiquitous. Highest expression in vascular tissues, leaf trichomes, root elongation zone and emerging lateral roots.

Q&A

Here’s a structured collection of FAQs tailored for academic researchers investigating FUC95A (afucosylated IgG1) antibodies, synthesized from peer-reviewed studies and technical literature:

Advanced Research Questions

How should researchers resolve contradictions in FcγR-mediated activity across species?

Key conflict: Human afucosylated IgG1 binds mouse FcγRIV but not other murine FcγRs, limiting translatability of non-transgenic models .
Resolution strategy:
- Use FcγR-humanized mice for in vivo studies .
- Validate findings with primary human immune cells in ex vivo systems .

What methodologies optimize FUC95A for combination therapies?

Synergy with folate-drug conjugates: Co-administer FUC95A with FRβ-targeting agents (e.g., m909 antibody) to exploit non-overlapping epitopes and effector mechanisms .
- Experimental workflow:
  - Pre-screen for FRβ/FcγR co-expression via dual-fluorescence staining .
  - Assess additive vs. synergistic effects using Bliss independence analysis .

How can FcγR polymorphisms impact FUC95A clinical trial design?

Critical factors:

Polymorphism	Functional Impact	Mitigation Strategy
FCGR3A-158V/F	Alters FcγRIIIa affinity	Stratify cohorts by genotype
FCGR2A-131H/R	Reduces phagocytosis	Adjust dosing or combine with Fc-engineered variants

Data Interpretation Guidelines

For ADCC variability: Normalize results to donor-specific NK cell activation thresholds (e.g., CD107a degranulation levels) .
For tumor model discrepancies: Cross-validate using orthotopic vs. metastatic models to isolate microenvironmental effects .

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FUC95A Antibody