GATA2 Antibody

Definition and Types of GATA2 Antibodies

GATA2 antibodies are immunological tools designed to bind specifically to the GATA2 protein. They are categorized into:

• Polyclonal antibodies: Derived from multiple B-cell clones, offering broader epitope recognition (e.g., R&D Systems AF2046).

• Monoclonal antibodies: Engineered from a single B-cell clone, ensuring high specificity (e.g., Abcam ab109241, Cell Signaling #79802).

These antibodies are validated for diverse techniques, including Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and flow cytometry (Table 1).

Research Applications

GATA2 antibodies are pivotal in studying hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) biology, leukemia, and immune disorders.

Detection in Hematopoietic Cells

• Western Blotting: AF2046 detects GATA2 in KG-1 leukemia cells (~51 kDa) and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells (~55 kDa) . Proteintech’s 11103-1-AP identifies GATA2 in K-562 cells and mouse liver tissue .

• Immunoprecipitation: Abcam’s ab109241 isolates GATA2 from K-562 cell lysates, confirming its presence in myeloid progenitors .

Epigenetic and Functional Studies

• ChIP: Monoclonal antibodies (e.g., #79802) map GATA2 binding to genomic regions regulating hematopoiesis and immune responses .

• Immunofluorescence: Proteintech’s 11103-1-AP localizes GATA2 to nuclei in SH-SY5Y cells, highlighting its role in transcriptional regulation .

Clinical and Diagnostic Relevance

GATA2 antibodies aid in diagnosing GATA2-related disorders, including myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and immunodeficiency.

Prognostic Biomarkers

Immunohistochemical Profiling

• Bone Marrow Biopsies: AF2046 stains endothelial cells and mast cells in human duodenum, aiding in assessing lymphatic and vascular involvement .

• Lymphoma Tissues: Proteintech’s 11103-1-AP detects GATA2 in lymphoma samples, supporting its role in hematologic malignancies .

GATA2 Expression in Disease Models

Mechanistic Insights

• GATA2 Deficiency: Reduced GATA2 levels impair dendritic cell maturation and NK cell cytotoxicity, increasing susceptibility to viral infections (e.g., EBV, HPV) .

• GATA2 Overexpression: Linked to myeloid leukemia progression and poor survival outcomes in AML .

Challenges and Future Directions

• Antibody Specificity: Cross-reactivity with other GATA family members (e.g., GATA1) may confound results, necessitating rigorous validation .

• Therapeutic Monitoring: GATA2 antibodies could guide targeted therapies (e.g., HDAC inhibitors) in MDS/AML, but clinical trials are needed .