GFRA1 Antibody
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Description
Introduction to GFRA1 Antibody
GFRA1 antibodies are biologics designed to bind specifically to the GFRA1 receptor, which is overexpressed in malignancies like breast cancer and osteosarcoma while showing limited expression in normal tissues . These antibodies are primarily investigated as components of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for targeted cancer therapy, leveraging GFRA1’s rapid internalization properties for payload delivery .
Preclinical Development and Mechanisms
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Internalization Kinetics: Anti-GFRA1 antibodies (e.g., 10H9) exhibit rapid internalization, with >80% of target-positive cells internalizing the antibody within 30 minutes, enabling efficient delivery of cytotoxic payloads like pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimers or monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) .
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Antigen Shedding: Soluble GFRA1 levels in patient serum range from 0.9–28 ng/ml, but this does not impede ADC efficacy in preclinical models .
Therapeutic Applications in Breast Cancer
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Target Expression:
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Efficacy:
GFRA1 in Other Cancers
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Osteosarcoma: GFRA1 promotes cisplatin resistance via autophagy mediated by the SRC-AMPK pathway. Co-treatment with chloroquine (an autophagy inhibitor) and cisplatin reduced tumor volume in preclinical models .
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Prognostic Marker: High GFRA1 expression correlates with lymph node metastasis, advanced disease stage, and poor survival in breast cancer .
Current Research and Future Directions
Product Specs
Buffer
Liquid in PBS containing 50% glycerol, 0.5% BSA, and 0.02% sodium azide.
Form
Liquid
Lead Time
Generally, we can ship the products within 1-3 business days after receiving your order. The delivery time may vary depending on the purchase method or location. Please consult your local distributors for specific delivery time information.
Synonyms
GDNF family receptor alpha 1 antibody; GDNF family receptor alpha-1 antibody; GDNF R antibody; GDNF RA antibody; GDNF receptor alpha antibody; GDNF receptor alpha-1 antibody; GDNFR alpha 1 antibody; GDNFR alpha antibody; GDNFR antibody; GDNFR-alpha-1 antibody; GDNFRA antibody; GDNFRalpha antibody; GFR alpha 1 antibody; GFR alpha1 antibody; GFR-alpha-1 antibody; GFRA 1 antibody; Gfra1 antibody; GFRA1_HUMAN antibody; GFRalpha1 antibody; Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor receptor alpha antibody; GPI linked anchor protein antibody; MGC23045 antibody; PI linked cell surface accessory protein antibody; RET 1L antibody; RET ligand 1 antibody; RET1L antibody; RETL 1 antibody; RETL1 antibody; TGF beta related neurotrophic factor receptor 1 antibody; TGF-beta-related neurotrophic factor receptor 1 antibody; TRNR 1 antibody; TRNR1 antibody
Target Names
GFRA1
Uniprot No.
Target Background
Function
GFRA1 acts as a receptor for GDNF. It mediates the GDNF-induced autophosphorylation and activation of the RET receptor.
Gene References Into Functions
- circGFRA1 may function as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate GFRA1 expression through sponging miR-34a, thereby exerting regulatory functions in TNBC. PMID: 29037220
- The methylation status of CpG sites in GFRA1 and GSTM2 may play a role and could be used as potential biomarkers for rectal cancer screening. PMID: 27566576
- GFRA1 regulates AMPK-dependent autophagy by promoting SRC phosphorylation independent of proto-oncogene RET kinase. PMID: 27754745
- The consequences of this are that GFRalpha-1-mediated signaling is altered during the aging process. PMID: 27346872
- RET c.1296A may be a common susceptibility allele for nephron underdosing-related diseases. The 5'-UTR and intronic variants near exon 5 of GFRA1 are not associated with nephron endowment. PMID: 27533506
- Hox proteins coordinate motor neuron differentiation and connectivity programs through Ret/Gfra genes. PMID: 26904955
- This study demonstrates, using a knock-in mouse model in which GFRalpha1 is no longer located in lipid rafts, that the developmental functions of GDNF in the periphery require the translocation of the GDNF receptor complex into lipid rafts. PMID: 26400951
- Methylation changes of GFRA1, SRF, and ZNF382 may be a potential biomarker set for predicting gastric carcinoma metastasis. PMID: 25009298
- GFRalpha1 levels in neurons from autopsied AD brains are significantly decreased. PMID: 25253858
- In the cochlea, GFRalpha-1 was mainly identified in the cell bodies of the spiral neurons. In the organ of Corti, GFRalpha-1 was demonstrated in the Deiters' cells, Hensen cells, inner pillar cells, and weakly in inner hair cells but not in the outer hair cells. PMID: 24139947
- The study shows co-localization of RET with GFRA1 and GFRA2 in myenteric ganglia of the adult human colon. PMID: 23881409
- The expression of GFRalpha1 and/or GFRalpha3, especially when combined with ARTN expression, may be useful predictors of disease progression and outcome in specific subtypes of mammary carcinoma. PMID: 23351331
- Mutations in the GFRA1 gene are associated with urinary tract malformations. PMID: 22729463
- Post-synaptic transgenic GFRalpha1 has profound effects on the development of dopamine neurons, resulting in a 40% increase in the adult number. PMID: 21133924
- This study found nominally-significant evidence for interactions between GFRA1, 2 and 3 associated with schizophrenia and clozapine response, consistent with the locations of these three genes within linkage regions for schizophrenia. PMID: 20116071
- Results identify persephin, a GDNF family member, as a novel ligand for the GFRalpha1/RET receptor complex. PMID: 20350599
- MEN2 arises from activating missense mutations in RET, causing autodimerization under certain conditions. The position of missense mutations influences medullary thyroid carcinoma aggressiveness. Review. PMID: 20669561
- Here we report that human nigral dopaminergic neurons express GFRalpha1 and RET receptors at all ages. There was no reduction in the number of neurons expressing these receptors as a function of age. PMID: 20347960
- GFR-alpha1 mRNA transcripts were detected in oocytes and GCs from all samples from fetuses, girls and adult women. PMID: 19896648
- The expression of GFRA1 in normal infants and normoganglionic colon of patients with Hirschsprung's disease was restricted to receptor tyrosine kinase(RET)-negative glial cells and RET-positive neurons of the ganglionic plexus. PMID: 12065680
- GFRA1-193C > G and 537T > C could be in linkage disequilibrium with other loci responsible for medullary thyroid cancer. PMID: 12490080
- Analysis of the binding surface for the GDNF-GFR alpha 1. PMID: 14514671
- GFRalpha-1 were observed within sensory and motor nuclei of cranial nerves, dorsal column nuclei, olivary nuclear complex, reticular formation, pontine nuclei, locus caeruleus, raphe nuclei, substantia nigra, and quadrigeminal plate. PMID: 17825269
- GDNF can act as an important component of the inflammatory response in breast cancers, and its effects are mediated by GFR alpha 1 receptors. PMID: 18089803
- GDNF is a key component for preserving several cell populations in the nervous system and also participates in the survival and differentiation of peripheral neurons. PMID: 18394855
- 38 cases of germ cell tumors: 26 cases contained immature teratoma, of which 24 had immature neuroepithelium and showed strong membrane staining for GFRalpha-1. Staining for GFRalpha-1 in immature neuroepithelium may facilitate its identification. PMID: 19019765
Database Links
Protein Families
GDNFR family
Subcellular Location
Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network. Endosome. Endosome, multivesicular body.
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