GLR2.3 Antibody

Research Findings and Applications

GLUR2/3 antibodies have elucidated critical roles of AMPA receptors in neurobiology and pathology:

Synaptic Plasticity and Neurodegeneration

• Alzheimer’s Disease: Loss of GLUR2/3 immunoreactivity precedes neurofibrillary tangle formation in entorhinal cortex neurons. Double-labeling studies show no co-localization with early cytoskeletal markers (e.g., MC1), suggesting GLUR2/3 dysfunction is an early pathological event .

• Cocaine-Induced Plasticity: Chronic cocaine exposure alters GLUR2/3 expression in the nucleus accumbens, contributing to addiction-related synaptic remodeling .

Receptor Function and Trafficking

• AMPA Receptor Desensitization: The N-terminal domain of GLUR2/3 modulates receptor desensitization kinetics, influencing synaptic strength .

• Encephalitis Mechanisms: Antibodies against GLUR2/3 are implicated in autoimmune encephalitis, where they disrupt synaptic function and receptor clustering .

Developmental and Comparative Studies

• Phylogenetic Analyses: GLUR2/3 homologs (e.g., AtGLR2/3 in Arabidopsis) highlight conserved glutamate receptor evolution across species .

Validation and Sensitivity

• Western Blot: Optimal dilutions (e.g., 1:1,000 for NBP3-32478) and blocking agents (5% NFDM/TBST) are critical for reducing background .

• Immunoprecipitation: Polyclonal antibodies (e.g., 07-598) show higher efficiency in IP due to broader epitope coverage .

Cross-Reactivity and Specificity

• Rabbit Brain Lysates: PPS051 (R&D Systems) specifically detects 100 kDa GLUR2/3 in rat hippocampal tissue, avoiding non-specific bands .

• IHC: AF5458 (Affinity) is validated for paraffin-embedded sections, enabling spatial localization in brain regions like the entorhinal cortex .