Function
GLR3.3 is a glutamate-gated receptor that likely functions as a non-selective cation channel, particularly in roots and hypocotyls. It is activated by alanine, asparagine, cysteine, glutamate, glycine, serine, and glutathione (a Glu-Gly-Cys tripeptide). This receptor mediates leaf-to-leaf wound signaling and may play a role in light signal transduction and calcium homeostasis by regulating calcium influx. GLR3.3 contributes to pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity, influencing free cytosolic calcium fluctuations, nitric oxide (NO) production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the expression of defense-related genes in response to oligogalacturonide elicitors. It is involved in resistance against *Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis* and is essential for glutathione-induced defense responses and innate immunity against *Pseudomonas syringae* pv. tomato strain DC3000. Furthermore, it is crucial for the transmission of wound-induced, phloem-propagated action potentials to neighboring leaves.
Gene References Into Functions
PMID: 23952652, GLR3.3 is a key component of resistance against *Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis*., .
PMID: 23656893, AtGLR3.3 is required for glutathione-mediated innate immunity responses in Arabidopsis leaves., .
PMID: 17012403, Six amino acids commonly found in soil, along with the tripeptide glutathione, are potent agonists of GLR3.3-mediated calcium metabolism., .
Protein Families
Glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family
Subcellular Location
Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed predominantly in roots and siliques.