GPR135 Antibody

Introduction to GPR135 Antibody

The GPR135 antibody is a specific immunological tool designed to target the G Protein-Coupled Receptor 135 (GPR135), an orphan receptor implicated in cellular signaling and disease pathways. Its development has been driven by the need to study GPR135’s enigmatic functions, including its role in G-protein independent signaling and receptor heteromerization .

Antibody Structure and Epitope Specificity

Two prominent GPR135 antibodies are characterized in scientific literature:

The ABIN2565570 antibody targets an internal region (residues 391–493) of the GPR135 protein, validated for detecting the receptor in recombinant proteins . The HPA045337 antibody, part of the Human Protein Atlas, recognizes the C-terminal domain and has been extensively tested in tissue-wide immunohistochemistry screens .

Applications in Research

The GPR135 antibody facilitates diverse experimental approaches:

• Western Blotting (WB): Detects receptor expression in cell lysates, as demonstrated in studies of GPR135’s constitutive activity in HEK293T cells .

• Immunofluorescence (IF): Localizes GPR135 to endosomal compartments, confirming its internalization dynamics via β-arrestin recruitment .

• Immunohistochemistry (IHC): Maps receptor expression in human tissues (e.g., pancreas, liver) and cancer samples, aiding in disease association studies .

Signaling Pathways

GPR135 exhibits spontaneous β-arrestin recruitment, a feature exploited in PathHunter™ assays to study receptor activity . The antibody has enabled visualization of GPR135’s colocalization with β-arrestin in endosomes, confirming its bias toward G-protein independent signaling .

Receptor Heteromerization

GPR135 forms functional heteromers with melatonin receptors (MT2), modulating their signaling. Co-immunoprecipitation assays using the GPR135 antibody have validated these interactions, suggesting therapeutic potential for targeting GPCR complexes .

Disease Associations

GPR135 is linked to anaerobic pneumonia and postinflammatory pulmonary fibrosis, with its expression altered in disease states . Antibody-based profiling has identified GPR135 as a methylated gene in placental tissues exposed to maternal smoking, implicating it in fetal health disparities .