GPR31 Antibody

Introduction to GPR31 Antibody

GPR31 antibodies are immunological reagents designed to detect and quantify the GPR31 protein, a class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). These antibodies enable researchers to investigate GPR31's role in cellular processes such as platelet activation, immune responses, and cancer progression .

Protein Features

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Applications in Research

GPR31 antibodies are used in:

• Western Blot: Detects GPR31 in platelet lysates and cancer cell lines .

• Immunohistochemistry (IHC): Localizes GPR31 in gut immune cells (cDC1s) and tumor tissues .

• ELISA: Quantifies receptor expression in experimental models .

• Co-Immunoprecipitation: Identifies heterodimeric complexes (e.g., GPR31-PAR4) .

Role in Platelet Activation and Thrombosis

• GPR31 amplifies PAR4-mediated platelet aggregation and arterial thrombosis via Gi signaling. Inhibition with pepducin GPR310 reduced thrombosis by 80% in mouse models without affecting hemostasis .

• Synergizes with P2Y12 receptor to activate Rap1 and RASA3, critical for integrin αIIbβ3 activation .

Immune Response in the Gut

• GPR31 in intestinal cDC1 cells detects bacterial metabolites (e.g., pyruvate), triggering dendrite protrusion and CD8+ T cell activation .

• Antibody studies confirmed GPR31’s role in enhancing antigen sampling and pathogen detection .

Cancer and KRAS Signaling

• Facilitates KRAS translocation to the plasma membrane in cancer cells, promoting proliferation and macropinocytosis .

• Blocking GPR31 with antibodies suppressed tumor growth in preclinical models .

Clinical and Therapeutic Implications

• Thrombosis: GPR310 (pepducin inhibitor) shows promise as an anti-thrombotic agent with minimal bleeding risk .

• Immune Modulation: Targeting GPR31-pyruvate interactions could enhance mucosal vaccines or probiotics .

• Oncology: Antibody-based inhibition of GPR31 may disrupt KRAS-driven cancers .