Customize GSTL3 Antibody

Description

GST Antibody Overview

GST antibodies are tools for detecting GST enzymes, which catalyze glutathione conjugation to detoxify electrophilic compounds. These antibodies are widely used in research for protein tagging, disease biomarker studies, and drug resistance investigations.

Key GST Isoforms	UniProt ID	Molecular Weight	Primary Applications
GSTA3 (Alpha class)	Q16772	25 kDa	Western blot (WB), ELISA
GSTM3 (Mu class)	P21266	26.7 kDa	IHC, WB
GSTP1 (Pi class)	P09211	23 kDa	WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P

Disease Biomarkers

Glaucoma: Serum autoantibodies against GST were detected in 52% of glaucoma patients (vs. 20% in controls), suggesting GST’s role as a retinal autoantigen .
Cancer: GST overexpression (e.g., GSTP1 in hepatocellular carcinoma) correlates with cisplatin resistance. Inhibitors like schisanlactone B reduced tumor volume by 58% in murine models .

Therapeutic Targeting

Drug Resistance: GSTπ (GSTP1) inhibition restores cisplatin sensitivity. Natural inhibitors (e.g., schisanlactone B) reduced GST activity by 72% in vitro .
Kinase Regulation: GST isoforms bind JNK and ASK1 kinases, modulating apoptosis pathways. TLK199, a GST inhibitor, increased platelet counts in myelosuppressed patients .

GSTA3 Antibody (DF12624)

Host: Rabbit polyclonal
Applications: WB
Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Dilution: User-optimized

GSTP1 Antibody (ab153949)

Host: Rabbit polyclonal
Applications: WB, IHC-P, ICC/IF
Validation: Cited in 9 publications; detects 23 kDa band in brain lysates .

GSTM3 Antibody (HPA058854)

Host: Rabbit polyclonal
Tissue Reactivity: High in testis (89.1 nTPM RNA); low in lymph nodes .

Key Research Findings

Study Focus	Results	Citation
GST autoantibodies in glaucoma	Higher titers in patients (POAG: P = 0.0006; NPG: P = 0.013) vs. controls
GST inhibition in HCC	Schisanlactone B + cisplatin reduced tumor volume by 58% (P < 0.01)
GSTπ in drug resistance	GSTπ overexpression reduced cisplatin cytotoxicity by 40–60%

Technical Considerations

Cross-Reactivity: Commercial GST antibodies (e.g., Rockland’s 600-101-200) detect GST tags across species but may show isoform-specific binding .
Validation: Always confirm antibody specificity using knockout controls or mass spectrometry (e.g., Abcam’s ab53943 validated in IHC-P and WB) .

Future Directions

Clinical Trials: GST inhibitors (e.g., TLK199) are in Phase I trials for myelodysplastic syndromes .
Biomarker Discovery: GST autoantibodies may serve as diagnostic tools for neurodegenerative and ocular diseases .

Product Specs

Buffer

Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4

Form

Liquid

Lead Time

Made-to-order (14-16 weeks)

Synonyms

GSTL3 antibody; At5g02790 antibody; F9G14.100 antibody; Glutathione S-transferase L3 antibody; AtGSTL3 antibody; EC 2.5.1.18 antibody; GST class-lambda member 3 antibody

Target Names

GSTL3

Uniprot No.

Q9LZ06

Target Background

Function

This antibody catalyzes the glutathione-dependent reduction of S-glutathionylquercetin to quercetin.

Database Links

KEGG: ath:AT5G02790

STRING: 3702.AT5G02790.1

UniGene: At.33363

Protein Families

GST superfamily, Lambda family

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm, cytosol.

Q&A

Based on the analysis of research materials for GSTA3 and GSTP1 (GST pi) antibodies (commonly confused with "GSTL3"), here are structured FAQs addressing key experimental challenges and methodological considerations:

Advanced Research Challenges

4. Resolving contradictory results in steroid isomerase activity assays
Experimental design considerations:

Factor	GSTA3 Impact	GSTP1 Impact	Mitigation Strategy
pH	Optimal 6.8-7.2	Stable 6.0-8.0	Use HEPES buffer
[GSH]	Critical >5mM	Tolerant 1-10mM	Pre-measure GSH levels
Substrate	Δ5-androstenedione	Prostaglandins	Validate with HPLC-MS

Addressing cross-reactivity in multispecies studies

Confirmed cross-species reactivity:
- GSTA3: Human > Mouse > Rat (25kDa variance)
- GSTP1: Conserved across mammals (23kDa)
Validation protocol:
- Parallel WB with species-specific lysates
- Block with heterologous protein (e.g., BSA)
- Use peptide competition assays

Optimizing detection in neurodegeneration models

Critical parameters for CDK5 regulation studies :
- Fixation: 4% PFA ≤24hr
- Permeabilization: 90% methanol > Triton X-100
- Antibody penetration: 0.3% saponin + 0.1% Tween-20
- Validated in Jurkat cells (ab138491 ICC data)

Technical Validation Tables

Table 1. Antibody Performance Metrics

Parameter	GSTA3 (ab197994)	GSTP1 (ab138491)
Publications	1	14
KO Validation	No	Yes
Multiplex Capacity	WB/IHC only	Flow/IF compatible
Epitope	Full length	N-terminal (1-200)

Table 2. Critical Buffer Formulations

Application	Buffer Component	Concentration	Purpose
WB	TBS-T + 5% non-fat milk	pH 7.4	Block non-specific binding
IHC	Citrate buffer	10mM, pH 6.0	Antigen retrieval
IF	Saponin/Tween	0.3%/0.1%	Membrane permeabilization

Methodological Notes

For steroidogenesis studies: Use Δ5-androstenedione (100μM) with 5mM GSH in HEPES buffer (pH 7.0) to maximize GSTA3 activity
In neurodegeneration models: Combine with CDK5/p35 antibodies using sequential 2hr 4°C incubations
Aflatoxin B1 assays require fresh 8,9-epoxide substrate preparation within 2hr of use

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GSTL3 Antibody