HDAC6 Antibody

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Description

Introduction

The HDAC6 antibody is a critical research tool used to detect and study the histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) enzyme, a class IIb histone deacetylase with roles in chromatin remodeling, cytoskeleton regulation, and immune response modulation. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the HDAC6 antibody, including its structure, applications, and research findings, drawing from diverse scientific sources.

Definition and Structure

The HDAC6 antibody is a monoclonal or polyclonal immunoglobulin designed to bind specifically to the HDAC6 protein. Key structural details include:

  • Immunogen: Typically derived from synthetic peptides corresponding to regions of HDAC6, such as amino acid residues 1-16 (Active Motif) or near the C-terminal (Proteintech) .

  • Host/Isotype: Commonly mouse IgG1 (e.g., Proteintech 67250-1-Ig) or rabbit polyclonal (unspecified in sources) .

  • Molecular Weight: HDAC6 protein is approximately 114 kDa (calculated) but appears as 150-160 kDa in Western blot due to post-translational modifications .

Applications of HDAC6 Antibody

AssayDescriptionRecommended Dilution
Western BlotDetects HDAC6 in cell lysates (e.g., HEK-293, HeLa, tumor cells).1:5000–1:50,000
ImmunohistochemistryStains HDAC6 in human lung/breast cancer tissues (requires antigen retrieval).1:500–1:2000
ImmunofluorescenceVisualizes HDAC6 localization in HepG2/SH-SY5Y cells.1:400–1:1600
IP/ELISAEnriches HDAC6 for interaction studies or quantifies protein levels.Variable (optimize per system)

Role in Antiviral Immunity

HDAC6 regulates cytoskeleton dynamics, enabling viral transport and uncoating. Studies using HDAC6 antibodies have shown its involvement in innate immune responses against RNA/DNA viruses, including influenza .

CD20 Upregulation in B-Cell Malignancies

Inhibition of HDAC6 activity increases CD20 surface expression in B-cell tumors, enhancing rituximab efficacy. Antibodies like those from Active Motif validate these effects in primary cells .

Synergy with Anti-PD-1 Therapy

HDAC6 inhibition reduces tumor-associated M2 macrophages and enhances immune checkpoint blockade. Preclinical models using HDAC6 antibodies confirm its role in modulating the tumor microenvironment .

Product Specs

Buffer
PBS with 0.02% Sodium Azide, 50% Glycerol, pH 7.3. Store at -20°C. Avoid freeze / thaw cycles.
Lead Time
Typically, we can ship your order within 1-3 business days of receiving it. Delivery time may vary depending on your location and the shipping method used. Please consult your local distributor for specific delivery times.
Synonyms
CPBHM antibody; FLJ16239 antibody; HD 6 antibody; HD6 antibody; HDAC 6 antibody; HDAC6 antibody; HDAC6_HUMAN antibody; Histone deacetylase 6 (HD6) antibody; Histone deacetylase 6 antibody; JM 21 antibody; JM21 antibody; KIAA0901 antibody; OTTHUMP00000032398 antibody; OTTHUMP00000197663 antibody; PPP1R90 antibody; Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 90 antibody
Target Names
Uniprot No.

Target Background

Function
HDAC6 is responsible for deacetylating lysine residues on the N-terminal portion of core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). This deacetylation acts as a tag for epigenetic repression, playing a crucial role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, and developmental events. HDAC6 functions within large multiprotein complexes. Beyond histones, HDAC6 deacetylates other proteins, including tubulin, where it plays a central role in microtubule-dependent cell motility. HDAC6 promotes deacetylation of cortactin (CTTN), leading to actin polymerization, facilitating autophagosome-lysosome fusion, and completing autophagy. HDAC6 is also involved in the MTA1-mediated epigenetic regulation of ESR1 expression in breast cancer. In addition to its protein deacetylase activity, HDAC6 plays a key role in the degradation of misfolded proteins. When the chaperone refolding system and the ubiquitin-proteasome cannot handle the abundance of misfolded proteins, HDAC6 mediates their transport to a cytoplasmic juxtanuclear structure called the aggresome. It likely acts as an adapter, recognizing polyubiquitinated misfolded proteins and targeting them to the aggresome, facilitating their clearance by autophagy.
Gene References Into Functions
  1. This review delves into the HDACs, their inhibitors, and recent advancements in HDAC6 inhibitors, their mechanisms of action, and their role in lymphoproliferative disorders. PMID: 30096875
  2. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection disrupts HDAC6/HDAC11 levels, inducing IL-10 expression in macrophages. PMID: 29523311
  3. Inhibition of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) enhances the radiosensitivity of glioma stem cells (GSCs) by inactivating the sonic hedgehog protein (SHH)/glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) pathway. PMID: 29222038
  4. Silencing cortactin (CTTN) in megakaryocytes (MK) phenocopies histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inactivation, and knockdown leads to a significant defect in proplatelet formation (PPF). PMID: 29176689
  5. Adequate expression of Icer and adipocyte function requires Hdac5 and Hdac6 expression. Altered adipose expression of these two Hdacs in obesity due to hypoxia may contribute to the development of metabolic abnormalities. PMID: 27900262
  6. This study reports that HDAC6 is involved in reactive oxygen species-NF-kappaB signaling pathways related to pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. PMID: 29414656
  7. DTBP presents a promising lead structure for developing HDAC6 inhibitors, with improved specificity achieved by modifying the cap group. This study suggests, for the first time, that the anticancer activity of DTBP stems from inhibiting HDAC6 activity. PMID: 29427610
  8. This report, to our knowledge, is the first to describe an HDAC6 selective inhibitor containing a hydrazide ZBG. Its ability to passively cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), as observed through PAMPA assays, and its low cytotoxicity in vitro, suggest its potential for drug development. PMID: 27404291
  9. We observed an homologous-recombination deficiency (HRD)-associated level of HDAC6 overexpression, supporting a potential role for the effectiveness of HDAC inhibitor treatment in HRD tumors characterized by low levels of H4 lysine acetylation. PMID: 28866885
  10. High expression of HDAC6 is associated with chondrosarcoma. PMID: 28586053
  11. HDAC6, primarily a cytoplasmic deacetylase, mediates TGF-beta1-induced EMT in human lung cancer cells via activation of Notch1. PMID: 27499032
  12. Results confirm histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) as a major risk gene for large artery stroke with an association in the 3'-UTR. PMID: 28265093
  13. Deletion or inhibition of the cytoplasmic shuttling factor HDAC6 suppressed neuritic tau bead formation in neurons. PMID: 28854366
  14. At the recommended phase II dose of ricolinostat of 160 mg daily, the combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone is safe, well-tolerated, and active, suggesting that selective inhibition of HDAC6 is a promising approach to multiple myeloma therapy. PMID: 28053023
  15. Increased HDAC6 expression is associated with renal cell carcinoma. PMID: 28128740
  16. Our work shows that RanBPM, along with the CTLH complex, associates with HDAC6 and restricts cell migration through inhibition of HDAC6 activity. This study reveals a novel function for the CTLH complex and suggests that it might have a tumor suppressive role in restricting HDAC6 oncogenic properties. PMID: 28668087
  17. Results provide evidence that HDAC6 mediates the HIV-1 Tat-induced expression of chemokines by regulating reactive oxygen species-Nox2-based NADPH oxidase pathways in astrocytes. Furthermore, there is crosstalk between HDAC6 and NADPH oxidase in HIV-1 Tat-induced chemokine expression in astrocytes. PMID: 28499252
  18. The development of this ACY-1215-resistant cell line has provided valuable insights into the mechanistic role of HDAC6 in lymphoma and offered a novel method to identify rational synergistic drug combinations. PMID: 27993968
  19. rhTGF-beta1 affects the sensitivity of human osteoblasts to mechanical stimuli by damaging the microtubule structure of primary cilia in an HDAC6-dependent manner. PMID: 28271209
  20. In conclusion, HDAC6 might enhance the progression of aggressive melanoma cells through interactions with PTPN1, independent of its histone-modifying activity. PMID: 29278704
  21. Using motor neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and FUS mutations, axonal transport defects could be successfully rescued by HDAC6 inhibitors or silencing HDAC6. PMID: 29021520
  22. Data show that selective histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibition or knockdown of HDAC6 expression was able to prevent caspase 3 activation in lung endothelial cells and maintain lung endothelial cell-cell junctions. PMID: 27419634
  23. The HDAC6 inhibitor Tubacin induces the release of CD133(+) extracellular vesicles from cancer cells. PMID: 28452069
  24. MicroRNA-22 promotes osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells by targeting HDAC6. PMID: 28195408
  25. A decrease in HDAC6 expression caused by Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with oncogenic transformation in gastric cancer. PMID: 28700998
  26. These results suggest that HDAC1 and HDAC6 may play a role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma biology. PMID: 27506904
  27. Genetic abrogation of HDAC6 in primary melanoma samples and cell lines down-regulates the expression of PD-L1, a significant co-stimulatory molecule expressed in cancer cells, which activates the inhibitory regulatory pathway PD-1 in T-cells. PMID: 26775640
  28. Activation appears to be a key survival mechanism for HDAC6 inhibitor treatment. PMID: 27362804
  29. ARID1A mutation inactivates the apoptosis-promoting function of p53 by upregulating HDAC6, indicating that pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6 is a therapeutic strategy for ARID1A-mutated cancers. PMID: 28737768
  30. 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin did not affect acetyllysine preference in a multiply acetylated substrate. In contrast, AMC significantly enhanced KDAC6 substrate affinity, greatly reduced Sirt1 activity, eliminated the substrate sequence specificity of KDAC4, and had no consistent effect with KDAC8 substrates. PMID: 28749131
  31. Deacetylation of MST1 mediated by HBXIP-enhanced HDAC6 results in MST1 degradation in a chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) manner, promoting breast cancer growth. PMID: 26657153
  32. This study suggests that HDAC4 and HDAC6 act as guardians of irradiation-induced DNA damage and stemness, thus promoting radioresistance in glioblastoma cells. PMID: 28342984
  33. These results indicate overlapping and distinct functions of HDAC6 and SIRT2. PMID: 27311481
  34. Results provide evidence that HDAC6 could regulate HMGN2 acetylation levels and binding to Stat5a-responsive promoters, and therefore, Stat5a transcriptional activity in breast cancer cells. PMID: 27358110
  35. HDAC6 promotes glioblastoma cell proliferation and confers resistance to temozolomide. PMID: 27267806
  36. The authors characterized the histone deacetylase 6-interacting proteins in LNCaP metastatic prostate cancer cells and found that histone deacetylase 6 interacts with proteins involved in several cellular processes, including autophagy. PMID: 26643866
  37. HDAC6 may represent an optimal target for future immunosuppressant therapeutics, particularly in transplantation. PMID: 27222932
  38. A combination regimen of bortezomib and the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A abolished HDAC6 activity and decreased autophagy induction while significantly enhancing bortezomib-induced apoptosis in HNSCC cells. PMID: 27369083
  39. This review highlights current data illustrating the complexity and importance of HDAC6 in viral pathogenesis. [review] PMID: 27959772
  40. Systemic lupus erythematosus patients had higher methylation in the HDAC6 promoter and lower HDAC6 mRNA expression than the controls. These changes may be related to the susceptibility of SLE. However, they are not associated with the disease activity of SLE. PMID: 26461065
  41. Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) pathogenesis remains unknown, and there are no curative therapies. Our findings not only demonstrate a critical role for IL15-mediated inflammation in cutaneous T-cell lymphomagenesis but also uncover a new oncogenic regulatory loop in CTCL involving IL15, HDAC1, HDAC6, and miR-21 that shows differential sensitivity to isotype-specific HDAC inhibitors. PMID: 27422033
  42. HDAC6 confers resistance to vemurafenib in BRAF-mutant melanoma cells. PMID: 28035401
  43. The inhibition of HDAC6 may be a promising strategy for the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. PMID: 27221381
  44. Data show that expressions of histone deacetylase 6 protein (HDAC6) and c-myc protein are increased in fibroblasts transformed with activated K-ras protein. PMID: 26848526
  45. Overexpression of HDAC6 confers non-small cell lung cancer resistance to sorafenib. PMID: 27090797
  46. These data indicate that HDAC6, and acetylated alpha-tubulin, are important regulators of adipocyte differentiation. PMID: 26363102
  47. HDAC5 and HDAC6 were highly expressed in melanoma cells but exhibited low expression levels in normal skin cells. PMID: 26747087
  48. This study found that HDAC6 was significantly down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC), and the low expression of HDAC6 was closely associated with a high recurrence rate in HCC patients with liver transplantation. PMID: 26086159
  49. Results provide new mechanistic insights into the understanding that deacetylation of HSPA5 by HDAC6 facilitates GP78-mediated HSPA5 ubiquitination. PMID: 26119938
  50. TGF-beta increased the activity of HDAC6 without affecting its expression levels. PMID: 26763233

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Database Links

HGNC: 14064

OMIM: 300272

KEGG: hsa:10013

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000334061

UniGene: Hs.6764

Involvement In Disease
Chondrodysplasia with platyspondyly, distinctive brachydactyly, hydrocephaly, and microphthalmia (CDP-PBHM)
Protein Families
Histone deacetylase family, HD type 2 subfamily
Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Nucleus. Perikaryon. Cell projection, dendrite. Cell projection, axon.

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