Customize IAA31 Antibody

Description

Functional Role in Auxin Signaling

IAA31’s atypical behavior suggests a specialized regulatory mechanism:

Degradation kinetics:

Protein Basal Degradation Rate Auxin-Responsive Degradation Domain II Presence
IAA17 Rapid Accelerated Yes
IAA31 Slow Accelerated No
IAA20 Slow No response No
Data derived from luciferase fusion experiments .
Transcriptional regulation: IAA31 may compete with canonical Aux/IAA proteins to modulate Auxin Response Factor (ARF) activity, potentially fine-tuning auxin responses under specific conditions .

Protein	Basal Degradation Rate	Auxin-Responsive Degradation	Domain II Presence
IAA17	Rapid	Accelerated	Yes
IAA31	Slow	Accelerated	No
IAA20	Slow	No response	No
Data derived from luciferase fusion experiments .

Research Findings

Key studies highlight IAA31’s unique behavior:

Proteolytic stability: IAA31’s longevity (half-life >2 hours vs. minutes for canonical isoforms) suggests a role in sustained auxin signaling or buffering transient auxin fluctuations .
Auxin sensitivity: Despite lacking Domain II, IAA31 degradation accelerates with auxin treatment, indicating an alternative degradation pathway .
Evolutionary divergence: The absence of Domain II in IAA31 and related isoforms (e.g., IAA20) implies functional diversification within the Aux/IAA family .

Applications of IAA31 Antibodies

While specific commercial antibodies targeting IAA31 are not detailed in the provided sources, polyclonal antibodies against Aux/IAA proteins (e.g., Agrisera’s anti-IAA antibodies ) are used for:

Immunolocalization: Tracking IAA31 spatial expression in plant tissues .
Protein stability assays: Quantifying IAA31 levels under varying auxin conditions .
Mechanistic studies: Elucidating interactions with ARFs or degradation machinery .

Product Specs

Buffer

Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Components: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS), pH 7.4

Form

Liquid

Lead Time

Made-to-order (14-16 weeks)

Synonyms

IAA31 antibody; At3g17600 antibody; MKP6.16 antibody; Auxin-responsive protein IAA31 antibody; Indoleacetic acid-induced protein 31 antibody

Target Names

IAA31

Uniprot No.

Q8H174

Target Background

Function

Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcription factors that repress the expression of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. This repression is believed to occur through interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), which bind to the auxin-responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Heterodimer formation with ARFs may modulate their ability to regulate early auxin response gene expression.

Database Links

KEGG: ath:AT3G17600

STRING: 3702.AT3G17600.1

UniGene: At.22356

Protein Families

Aux/IAA family

Subcellular Location

Nucleus.

Q&A

Basic Research Questions

What methodological considerations are critical when designing ELISA-based IAA detection studies?

Sample preparation: Use fresh or properly stored serum samples to prevent autoantibody degradation .
Assay validation: Include both positive controls (NIDDK working calibrators) and negative controls (blood donor sera) to establish thresholds at the 97th percentile specificity .
Standardization: Harmonize assays across laboratories using 35S-methionine-labelled in vitro transcribed antigens to minimize variability .

How do single vs. multiple islet autoantibodies impact diabetes risk assessment?

Single IAA positivity confers a significantly lower risk of progression to type 1 diabetes compared to multiple autoantibodies.

Autoantibody Profile	5-Year Diabetes Risk	Study Cohort
Single IAA	12%	TrialNet PTP
Multiple autoantibodies	48%	TrialNet PTP
Methodological recommendation: Combine IAA testing with other autoantibodies (GAD65, IA-2, ZnT8) for comprehensive risk stratification .

What is the clinical relevance of IAA affinity in preclinical diabetes research?

Moderate–high affinity IAA correlates strongly with:

Co-presence of multiple islet autoantibodies ( $P < 0.001$ ) .
Accelerated progression to diabetes ( $P < 0.001$ ) .
Experimental approach: Use competitive displacement assays with unlabelled insulin (ULI) to differentiate affinity subpopulations .

Advanced Research Questions

How can researchers resolve discrepancies in IAA assay results across studies?

Factor	Impact on Results	Mitigation Strategy
Assay protocol (e.g., harmonized vs. in-house)	4–5% discordance in GADA/IA-2A classification	Adopt harmonized 35S-methionine labelling protocols .
Threshold definitions	False positives in low-specificity assays	Validate against 500+ control samples .

What longitudinal study designs optimize tracking of IAA seroconversion?

Cohort selection: Prioritize first-degree relatives of type 1 diabetes patients for high baseline risk .
Temporal resolution: Schedule biannual follow-ups using Kaplan–Meier time-to-event analysis .
Endpoint definition: Use WHO diabetes criteria + confirmed autoantibody seroconversion .

How does IAA affinity measurement enhance prognostic models?

A dual-threshold assay design improves risk stratification:

Affinity Category	ULI Displacement Threshold	Diabetes Hazard Ratio
Low affinity	<50% displacement at 0.1 µM	1.0 (reference)
Moderate–high	≥50% displacement at 0.1 µM	3.8 (95% CI: 2.1–6.9)
Technical note: Incorporate BSA-blocked plates to reduce non-specific binding during affinity measurements .

What statistical frameworks address censored data in IAA progression studies?

Apply interval-censored survival analysis for irregularly timed measurements.
Use logrank testing to compare cumulative incidence curves between single/multiple autoantibody groups .

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IAA31 Antibody