IL 15 Human, His
Description
Introduction to IL-15 Human, His
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) Human, His is a recombinant cytokine engineered with a polyhistidine (His) tag for purification and research applications. This protein is a modified version of human IL-15, a pleiotropic cytokine critical for immune regulation, particularly in natural killer (NK) cell development and memory CD8⁺ T-cell homeostasis . The His tag facilitates affinity chromatography-based purification, ensuring high yield and specificity .
Molecular Properties
IL-15 Human, His shares structural homology with IL-2 but binds distinct receptor complexes (IL-15Rα/β/γc) . The His tag does not interfere with receptor binding or biological activity .
Key Production Metrics
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| Purity | >97% (via RP-HPLC and SDS-PAGE) |
| Solubility | Reconstituted in sterile H₂O (≥100 µg/mL) |
| Stability | Store lyophilized at <-18°C; stable at 4°C for 2–7 days post-reconstitution |
IL-15 Human, His is expressed in E. coli, yielding a non-glycosylated protein due to prokaryotic post-translational limitations . The absence of glycosylation does not impair its bioactivity in vitro .
In Vitro Activity
IL-15 Human, His activates JAK-STAT3/5, MAPK, and PI3K-AKT pathways, mirroring native IL-15 signaling . Its trans-presentation via IL-15Rα enhances receptor clustering and signaling efficiency .
Key Applications
-
Immunotherapy Development: Enhances NK and CD8⁺ T-cell populations in cancer models .
-
Inflammation Studies: Modulates immune responses in viral infections (e.g., HIV, HTLV-1) .
-
Cell Culture: Used to maintain NK/T-cell lines and primary immune cells ex vivo .
Clinical Trial Insights
| Study Phase | Findings |
|---|---|
| Phase I (Subcutaneous) | Safe at 2 µg/kg/day; increased circulating NK/CD8⁺ T cells in solid tumors |
| Phase I (Intravenous) | Limited by hypotension and thrombocytopenia at higher doses |
Future Directions
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune responses. It is involved in the activation and proliferation of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, which are essential components of the immune system . The recombinant form of IL-15, tagged with a histidine (His) tag, is commonly used in research to study its biological functions and potential therapeutic applications.
The IL-15 gene is located on chromosome 4 and encodes a protein that consists of 162 amino acids . The recombinant form of IL-15, produced in Escherichia coli (E. coli), is a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 123 amino acids (fragment 49-162) with a C-terminal hexahistidine tag . This His tag facilitates the purification of the protein using affinity chromatography techniques.
IL-15 shares many biological activities with interleukin-2 (IL-2), including the ability to bind to common hematopoietin receptor subunits . It plays a significant role in the development of inflammatory and protective immune responses by modulating both innate and adaptive immune cells . IL-15 stimulates the proliferation of NK cells, T cells, and B cells, and promotes the secretion of various cytokines .
In monocytes, IL-15 induces the production of chemokines such as IL-8 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (CCL2), which attract neutrophils and monocytes to sites of infection . Additionally, IL-15 has been shown to increase the expression of the apoptosis inhibitor BCL2L1/BCL-x(L), potentially preventing apoptosis through the activation of transcription factors such as STAT6 .
Recombinant IL-15 (Human, His Tag) is typically supplied in a sterile filtered solution and formulated in a buffer containing Tris-HCl, PMSF, and glycerol . It should be stored at 4°C if used within 2-4 weeks, or frozen at -20°C for longer periods to maintain its stability . It is important to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles to preserve the protein’s activity.
