IL 22 Mouse

Interleukin-22 Mouse Recombinant
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Cat. No.
BT2716
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Synonyms
IL-TIF, TIFa, IL-10-related T-cell-derived-inducible factor, IL-22, ILTIF, IL-D110, zcyto18, MGC79382, MGC79384, TIFIL-23.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Purity
Greater than 97.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description

Cellular Sources and Regulation

IL-22 is produced by both innate and adaptive immune cells:

  • Innate sources: Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) under IL-23/IL-1β stimulation .

  • Adaptive sources: Th17, Th22, and γδ T cells via STAT3 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling .

  • Functional redundancy: Innate IL-22 protects against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, while adaptive IL-22 compensates in CD4+ T cell-mediated models .

Intestinal Homeostasis and Colitis

  • Protective roles:

    • Induces mucin genes (Muc1, Muc3) and glycosylation enzymes to fortify the mucus layer .

    • Maintains microbiota balance by suppressing Escherichia and Salmonella expansion .

  • Pathogenic roles:

    • Drives neutrophil recruitment via STAT3-dependent CXCL1/5 upregulation in colonic epithelia .

    • Neutralizing IL-22 reduces colitis severity in Tbx21−/−Rag2−/− ulcerative colitis (TRUC) mice by 40–60% .

Central Nervous System Repair

  • Remyelination:

    • Recombinant IL-22 (200 mg/kg) restores motor function in Cuprizone-induced demyelination mice (p < 0.05 vs. spontaneous recovery) .

    • Enhances myelin basic protein (MBP) expression by 2.5-fold in the corpus callosum .

Systemic and Infectious Responses

  • Acute-phase reactions:

    • Sustained IL-22 exposure induces serum amyloid A (SAA) and neutrophilia via hepatic CXCL1 .

  • Infection models:

    • Critical for controlling Citrobacter rodentium (80% mortality in Il22−/− mice) .

    • Exacerbates Toxoplasma gondii–induced immunopathology while suppressing competitors like Enterobacteriaceae .

Dual Role in Inflammation

ModelBeneficial EffectPathogenic Effect
TRUC colitis–Neutrophil infiltration ↑ (2.8-fold)
Influenza pneumoniaTight junction restoration via IL-22BP Epithelial barrier disruption
Experimental malariaReduces parasitemia Delayed parasite clearance

Clinical Translation

  • Anti-IL-22 strategies: Neutralizing antibodies reduce colitis scores by 50% in TRUC mice .

  • Pro-repair therapies: IL-22-Fc fusion proteins show promise for demyelination disorders .

  • Biomarker potential: IL-22-responsive transcripts correlate with ustekinumab resistance in ulcerative colitis patients .

Future Directions

  • Source-specific targeting: Differentiate ILC3- vs. T cell-derived IL-22 using Cre-lox models (e.g., Il22ra1 fl/fl mice) .

  • Temporal modulation: Short-term IL-22 administration enhances barrier function, while chronic exposure risks fibrosis and cancer .

Product Specs

Introduction
Interleukin-22 (IL-22), also called IL-10-related T cell-derived inducible factor (IL-TIF), is a cytokine initially discovered as a gene activated by IL-9 in mouse T cells and mast cells. The mouse IL-22 cDNA codes for a protein of 179 amino acids, including a 33 amino acid signal peptide. This signal peptide is cleaved to produce the mature 147 amino acid protein. This mature protein shares about 79% and 22% amino acid sequence similarity with human IL-22 and IL-10, respectively. IL-22 has been observed to activate STAT-1 and STAT-3 in multiple hepatoma cell lines, leading to increased production of acute phase proteins. Normal mouse T cells produce IL-22 when stimulated with Con A. Additionally, injecting lipopolysaccharide into mice induces IL-22 expression in several organs. This suggests IL-22 might be involved in inflammatory responses. Two receptor subunits, IL-22R (formerly an orphan receptor called CRF2-9) and IL-10Rβ (previously known as CRF2-4), both belonging to the class II cytokine receptor family, form the functional IL-22 receptor complex.
Description
Recombinant Mouse Interleukin-22, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 147 amino acids. It possesses a molecular weight of 16.7 kDa. The purification of Murine IL-22 is achieved using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Formulation
Lyophilized from a solution containing 1X PBS.
Solubility
To reconstitute the lyophilized Interleukin-22, it is recommended to dissolve it in sterile 18 megaohm-centimeter (MΩ·cm) H2O at a concentration of at least 100 micrograms per milliliter (µg/ml). Subsequently, this solution can be further diluted into other aqueous solutions as required.
Stability
Lyophilized Interleukin-22, while stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should ideally be stored in a dry environment below -18 degrees Celsius. Once reconstituted, IL-22 should be stored at 4 degrees Celsius for 2-7 days. For long-term storage, it should be kept below -18 degrees Celsius. It's important to avoid repeated cycles of freezing and thawing.
Purity
The purity is determined to be greater than 97.0% using the following methods:
(a) Analysis through Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC).
(b) Analysis by Sodium Dodecyl-Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).
Biological Activity
The ED50, which represents the effective concentration required to induce 50% of the maximum response, was determined to be less than 0.5 nanograms per milliliter (ng/ml). This was assessed based on its ability to induce IL-10 secretion in Colo205 cells. This corresponds to a Specific Activity of 2,000,000 International Units per milligram (IU/mg).
Synonyms
IL-TIF, TIFa, IL-10-related T-cell-derived-inducible factor, IL-22, ILTIF, IL-D110, zcyto18, MGC79382, MGC79384, TIFIL-23.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Amino Acid Sequence
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Met-Leu-Pro-Val-Asn.

Product Science Overview

Structure and Expression

IL-22 is produced by various immune cells, including Th17 CD4+ T cells, activated T cells, Th1 cells, and natural killer (NK) cells . The functional IL-22 receptor complex consists of two receptor subunits: IL-22R and IL-10Rβ, both of which belong to the class II cytokine receptor family .

Biological Functions

IL-22 plays a crucial role in the immune response, particularly in the context of inflammation and tissue repair. It has been shown to activate STAT-1 and STAT-3 signaling pathways in several hepatoma cell lines, leading to the upregulation of acute phase proteins . Additionally, IL-22 is involved in the regulation of various inflammatory responses, as its expression is induced in multiple organs upon lipopolysaccharide injection .

Recombinant IL-22

Recombinant mouse IL-22 is typically produced in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and is available in a lyophilized form for research purposes . The recombinant protein is often tagged with a His-tag for purification and detection purposes . It is essential to reconstitute the lyophilized protein in sterile water to prepare a stock solution, which can then be used in various experimental setups .

Applications in Research

IL-22 has been extensively studied for its potential therapeutic applications, particularly in the context of inflammatory diseases and tissue repair. Recent studies have highlighted its role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, where it regulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and cholesterol metabolism . IL-22’s ability to modulate immune responses makes it a promising target for therapeutic interventions in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

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