KLCR2 Antibody
Description
Definition and Target Overview
The KLRC2 antibody is a research tool targeting the protein product of the KLRC2 gene, which encodes the natural killer group 2 member C (NKG2C) receptor. NKG2C is an activating receptor expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and a subset of T cells, playing critical roles in immune responses to viral infections and cancer .
Antibody Characteristics
Key specifications of a widely used KLRC2 antibody (e.g., Sigma-Aldrich’s Anti-KLRC2 antibody, Prestige® catalog: HPA058052) include :
| Property | Detail |
|---|---|
| Host Species | Rabbit |
| Antibody Type | Polyclonal, affinity isolated |
| Applications | Immunofluorescence (0.25–2 μg/mL) |
| Immunogen Sequence | CAVLQVNRLKSAQCGSSMIYHCKH |
| Reactivity | Human |
| Target Post-Translational Modification | Unmodified |
| Storage | −20°C in buffered aqueous glycerol solution |
Role in Viral Infections
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CMV and HIV/SIV: KLRC2+ NK cells expand during cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, forming "memory-like" NK cells. In rhesus macaques with SIV, KLRC2+ NK cells dominate in CMV-exposed animals, correlating with reduced KLRC1 (NKG2A) expression and increased antiviral IgG responses .
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Mechanism: CMV drives a shift from dual KLRC1+/KLRC2+ NK cells to KLRC2+ single-positive cells, enhancing adaptive immunity .
Cancer Immunotherapy
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Glioblastoma (GBM): Tumoral KLRC2 expression correlates with improved responses to anti-PD-1 therapy. High KLRC2 levels in GBM are linked to:
| Feature | KLRC2-High Tumors | KLRC2-Low Tumors |
|---|---|---|
| Myeloid Suppression | ↓ MDSCs | ↑ MDSCs |
| Lymphocyte Infiltration | ↑ CD8+ T/NK cells | ↓ CD8+ T/NK cells |
| PD-1 mAb Response | Stronger | Weaker |
Expression Patterns
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Immune Tissues: KLRC2 protein is detected in lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow .
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Tumor Microenvironment: KLRC2 is enriched at infiltrative margins of GBM and other cancers, suggesting a role in immune evasion modulation .
Clinical Implications
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Biomarker Potential: KLRC2 expression may predict immunotherapy efficacy, particularly for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in GBM .
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Therapeutic Target: Enhancing KLRC2 signaling could improve NK cell-mediated tumor clearance or antiviral responses .
Limitations and Future Directions
Product Specs
Composition: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS), pH 7.4
Q&A
Here’s a structured collection of FAQs tailored to academic research on KLCR2 antibody (referencing human kallikrein 2 [hK2] targeting antibody h11B6, as KLCR2 appears to be a typographical variation):
Advanced Research Questions
How do contradictory findings about hK2 vs. PSMA expression in AR-activated mCRPC models impact therapeutic development?
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Resolution strategy:
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Conduct parallel IHC and RNA-seq on patient-derived xenografts to map hK2/PSMA spatial expression. Studies show hK2 expression increases under AR activation, while PSMA decreases .
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Use dual-targeting approaches (e.g., h11B6 + PSMA-ligand conjugates) to address heterogeneous antigen expression in metastases .
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What computational pipelines best reconcile conflicting NGS data on antibody somatic hypermutation patterns?
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Methodology:
How can researchers optimize α-particle therapy (e.g., ²²⁵Ac-h11B6) while mitigating off-target toxicity?
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Methodology:
Table 1: Key Differences Between hK2 and PSMA as Therapeutic Targets
| Parameter | hK2 | PSMA |
|---|---|---|
| AR signaling correlation | Positive (r = 0.81) | Negative (r = -0.67) |
| Membrane-bound fraction | 62% ± 11% | 38% ± 9% |
| Mean tumor uptake (SUV) | 8.4 ± 2.1 | 5.9 ± 1.7 |
Table 2: Antibody Analysis Tools for hK2 Studies
| Tool | Functionality | Use Case Example |
|---|---|---|
| Geneious Biologics | CDR3 clustering, mutation hotspots | Track clonal expansion post-therapy |
| IgRepertoireConstructor | V(D)J alignment, isotype switching | Compare pre/post AR inhibitor use |
| FireDock_AB | Antibody-antigen docking refinement | Predict h11B6-hK2 binding affinity |
Methodological Recommendations
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For contradictory biodistribution data: Use SPECT/CT imaging at 24, 72, and 144 h post-injection to distinguish persistent tumor uptake (≥72 h) from transient vascular pooling .
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For low-affinity variants: Apply RosettaAntibodyDesign with positional constraint scoring (e.g., CDR-H3 residues 95–102) to improve binding energy by ≥1.5 kcal/mol .
