Lyz2 Antibody

Definition and Structure

The Lyz2 antibody targets Lysozyme C-2 (LYZ2), encoded by the Lyz2 gene. LYZ2 is part of the innate immune system, functioning by hydrolyzing peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls . Its expression is notably elevated in macrophages, microglia, and other immune cells, particularly in disease contexts .

Key Features of Lyz2 Antibody

Neurodegenerative Diseases

• Niemann-Pick Disease (NPC1): Lyz2 expression is upregulated in NPC1 mice cerebella, particularly in neurons and glial cells, via Toll-like receptor (TLR1/2 and TLR4) signaling . This overexpression correlates with tauopathy progression but does not directly alter disease pathology .

• Alzheimer’s Disease: Increased Lyz2 levels in microglia are linked to β-amyloid clearance, suggesting its role as a biomarker for microglial activity .

Inflammatory Disorders

• Colitis: Lyz2-deficient mice exhibit expanded mucolytic bacteria (Ruminococcus gnavus) and type 2 immune responses, highlighting Lyz2’s role in maintaining gut microbiome balance .

• Cancer: Septin7 deletion via Lyz2-Cre in macrophages disrupts cytokinesis but not immune function, offering insights into tumor-targeting therapies .

Antimicrobial Function

Lyz2’s enzymatic activity mimics amyloid-β oligomers, inducing tau hyperphosphorylation, a hallmark of tauopathies . Non-enzymatic roles include lectin-like interactions with bacterial antigens .

Antibody Validation and Performance

Western Blot (WB) Analysis

• Sensitivity: Detects endogenous LYZ2 in human and mouse tissues .

• Cross-reactivity: No reported off-target binding; specific to LYZ2 isoforms .

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

• Stains macrophages and microglia in brain sections, with high specificity confirmed in Alzheimer’s models .

Table 1: Antibody Performance Metrics