MIP 5 Human
Description
Biological Functions and Mechanisms
MIP-5 mediates immune responses through:
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Chemotaxis: Attracts monocytes, dendritic cells, and eosinophils to inflammation sites .
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Cytokine Modulation: Induces expression of proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1, TNF-α) and adhesion molecules like ICAM-1 via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway .
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Disease Involvement: Elevated in colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and rheumatoid arthritis, where it promotes tumor angiogenesis and chronic inflammation .
Research Applications and Assay Data
MIP-5 is widely studied using ELISA kits and recombinant proteins. A representative ELISA performance is summarized below:
Table 1: Human MIP-5 ELISA Kit Performance4
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Sensitivity | 7.81 pg/mL |
| Assay Time | 1–5 hours |
| Sample Volume | 50–100 µL |
| Detection Range | 31.25–2000 pg/mL |
| Recovery Rate (Serum) | 95–103% |
Table 2: Linearity and Precision4
| Dilution | Average Recovery (%) | Range (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 1:4 | 86 | 81–89 |
| 1:8 | 95 | 91–99 |
| 1:16 | 87 | 83–92 |
Recombinant Production and Quality Control
Recombinant MIP-5 is expressed in E. coli, purified via chromatographic techniques, and validated for bioactivity:
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Activity: Chemoattracts T-lymphocytes at 1–10 ng/mL (specific activity: 100,000–1,000,000 IU/mg) .
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Endotoxin Levels: <0.01 EU/µg, ensuring minimal interference in cellular assays .
Clinical and Therapeutic Relevance
MIP-5’s dual role in immune surveillance and disease progression makes it a biomarker and therapeutic target. For example:
Product Specs
Q&A
What is the Medical Informatics Platform (MIP) 5.0 and how does it support human brain research?
The Medical Informatics Platform (MIP) 5.0 is a Global Open-Source Platform that enables hospitals and research centers worldwide to share medical data securely. It functions as a critical bridge between brain-science research, clinical research, and patient care, providing collaborative infrastructure and tools to enhance our understanding of the human brain and identify biological signatures of neurological diseases .
Key functionalities include:
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Secure data sharing protocols that protect patient privacy
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Advanced analytical tools for processing large, multi-center datasets
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Collaborative framework allowing researchers across institutions to work together
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Integration of clinical and research data to facilitate translational medicine
As of early 2020, MIP had been successfully deployed in 24 centers across 9 European countries, with expansion planned to reach 30 centers .
How does MIP 5.0 differ from previous versions in supporting human brain studies?
MIP 5.0 represents a significant advancement over previous versions through several key innovations:
| Feature | Enhancement in MIP 5.0 |
|---|---|
| Workflow System | Integration of the Galaxy scientific workflow system enabling tailor-made experiments |
| Statistical Analysis | Expanded capabilities including logistic regression methods |
| User Interface | Complete rewrite using TypeScript and React library for improved performance and flexibility |
| Data Integration | Enhanced protocols for harmonizing multi-center datasets |
These improvements collectively make MIP 5.0 more versatile and powerful for researchers working with complex human brain data across multiple research sites .
What experimental design principles should researchers follow when planning MIP 5-based human studies?
When designing experiments using MIP 5.0 for human brain research, researchers should adhere to established experimental design principles while leveraging the platform's unique capabilities:
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Variable identification: Clearly define independent and dependent variables and their hypothesized relationships
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Hypothesis formulation: Develop specific, testable hypotheses about brain structure, function, or disease mechanisms
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Treatment design: Structure interventions or comparisons to systematically manipulate independent variables
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Subject assignment: Determine whether between-subjects or within-subjects designs are most appropriate
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Measurement protocols: Standardize how dependent variables will be measured across centers
Additionally, researchers must consider data harmonization challenges unique to multi-center neuroimaging studies. The platform's Galaxy workflow integration facilitates implementation of standardized analysis pipelines that maintain methodological consistency across sites .
How can researchers implement effective question framing methodologies in MIP 5-related human research?
Careful question framing is critical in both study design and data interpretation within MIP 5 human research. Drawing from methodological research on question framing:
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Consider temporal focus: Questions framed in terms of present versus future problems yield significantly different response patterns. Research shows that when asking about "most important problems," future-oriented questions elicit different priorities than present-focused questions
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Specify scope carefully: Questions about problems facing "the world" versus "the country" produce distinctly different response patterns. In experimental testing, world-focused questions yielded different priority rankings than country-focused questions
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Address optimism bias: Adding conditional phrases like "if nothing is done to stop it" helps overcome respondent optimism that might otherwise mask problem identification
For example, in one study examining question wording effects, researchers found that when asked about "the most serious problem facing the world in the future if nothing is done to stop it," 21% of respondents identified global warming/environment as the top concern, compared to just 1% when asked about "the most important problem facing the country today" .
What approaches should researchers use to address data heterogeneity in multi-center MIP 5 human studies?
Data heterogeneity presents a significant challenge in multi-center human brain studies. Researchers using MIP 5.0 should implement the following strategies:
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Standardized acquisition protocols: Develop and enforce consistent data collection methodologies across participating centers
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Robust metadata management: Implement comprehensive metadata frameworks as described in the publication by Demiraj et al. on "Meta-data management and quality control for the medical informatics platform"
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Statistical harmonization: Apply appropriate statistical methods to account for center-specific effects and variability
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Quality control pipelines: Establish automated and manual QC procedures to identify outliers and inconsistencies
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Calibration datasets: Use common reference datasets across centers to calibrate measurements and analyses
These approaches collectively minimize the impact of data heterogeneity while maximizing the statistical power gained from multi-center collaboration.
How can researchers effectively utilize the Galaxy workflow system in MIP 5.0 for complex human brain analyses?
MIP 5.0's integration with the Galaxy scientific workflow system provides researchers with powerful tools for customized analysis pipelines. To leverage this capability effectively:
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Develop modular workflows: Create reusable analysis modules that can be combined for different research questions
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Implement version control: Maintain clear versioning of workflows to ensure reproducibility
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Validate with test datasets: Verify workflow performance using standardized test data before applying to research questions
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Document parameters comprehensively: Record all processing parameters to enable exact replication
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Share workflows within the research community: Contribute validated workflows to the broader MIP user community
This workflow-based approach enhances reproducibility and standardization across the research ecosystem, while still allowing for methodological innovation .
What statistical methods are most appropriate for analyzing multi-center human brain data in MIP 5.0?
MIP 5.0 supports various statistical approaches for analyzing complex human brain data. Based on the platform's capabilities and neuroimaging research requirements:
| Statistical Method | Application in MIP 5.0 | Appropriate Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| Logistic Regression | Core capability in MIP 5.0 | Binary outcome prediction (e.g., disease vs. healthy) |
| Linear Mixed Models | Supported through Galaxy | Accounting for center-specific and subject-specific random effects |
| Machine Learning | Implementation via custom workflows | Pattern recognition in complex multivariate data |
| Survival Analysis | Applicable to longitudinal datasets | Predicting time-to-event outcomes in disease progression |
Particularly notable is MIP 5.0's new logistic regression capability, which enables researchers to model binary outcomes while controlling for multiple predictors .
How should researchers approach validation of findings derived from MIP 5.0 analyses?
Rigorous validation is essential for findings derived from complex multi-center datasets. Researchers using MIP 5.0 should implement a multi-tiered validation strategy:
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Internal validation: Use techniques such as k-fold cross-validation or bootstrap resampling within the existing dataset
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External validation: Test predictive models on independent datasets not used in model development
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Center-specific validation: Verify that findings hold across individual centers to ensure they're not driven by center-specific artifacts
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Biological validation: Confirm computational findings with targeted biological experiments where possible
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Comparison with existing literature: Contextualize results within the broader scientific understanding
This comprehensive validation approach helps distinguish robust findings from statistical artifacts that may arise due to the large sample sizes available through multi-center collaboration.
What significant human brain research findings have emerged from studies using the MIP infrastructure?
While the full impact of MIP 5.0 is still emerging, the platform's deployment across 24 European centers has created infrastructure for significant research advances:
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The platform provides access to clinical data on several thousand patients from at least 8 different neurological pathologies
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Multi-center collaboration enables research on rare disorders that would be underpowered in single-center studies
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The integration of clinical and research data supports translational medicine approaches
As MIP 5.0 adoption increases, we anticipate growth in publications leveraging its capabilities for novel insights into human brain function and pathology.
How might methodological approaches from survey research enhance MIP 5.0 applications in neuroscience?
Insights from methodological research in other fields can inform how we approach human brain research with MIP 5.0. For example, research on question framing effects demonstrates how subtle wording changes can dramatically alter research outcomes:
| Question Wording | % Mentioning Economy/Unemployment | % Mentioning Global Warming/Environment |
|---|---|---|
| "Most important problem facing the country today" | 51% | 1% |
| "Most serious problem facing the world in the future if nothing is done to stop it" | 13% | 21% |
These findings, from experimental testing of question wording , demonstrate how methodological choices fundamentally shape research outcomes - a principle equally applicable to neuroscience research design in MIP 5.0.
By applying similar methodological rigor to research question formulation in neuroscience, MIP 5.0 users can ensure their studies effectively address the intended research questions and avoid unintended biases.
Product Science Overview
CCL15 is a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 92 amino acids and has a molecular mass of approximately 10.1 kDa . The protein is produced in E. coli and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques . The amino acid sequence of CCL15 includes a series of conserved cysteine residues that are characteristic of the CC chemokine family .
The gene encoding CCL15 is located on chromosome 17 in humans, within a cluster of similar genes . CCL15 shares about 35% amino acid homology with another chemokine, CCL14 (HCC1) . The expression of CCL15 is most abundant in the heart, skeletal muscle, and adrenal gland, with lower levels found in the liver, small intestine, colon, and certain leukocytes and macrophages of the lung .
CCL15 is known for its ability to chemoattract human T-lymphocytes and monocytes . It acts through the C-C chemokine receptor type 1 (CCR1) . The biological activity of CCL15 is determined by its ability to induce chemotaxis in human T-lymphocytes at concentrations ranging from 1-10 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 100,000-1,000,000 IU/mg .
Lyophilized CCL15 is stable at room temperature for up to three weeks but should be stored desiccated below -18°C for long-term stability . Upon reconstitution, it should be stored at 4°C for short-term use (2-7 days) and below -18°C for long-term storage . To prevent degradation, it is recommended to add a carrier protein such as 0.1% HSA or BSA and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles .
CCL15 is used in various research applications, including studies on immune response, inflammation, and cell signaling. Its ability to attract T-lymphocytes and monocytes makes it a valuable tool for investigating the mechanisms of immune cell migration and the role of chemokines in disease processes.
