MPK4 Antibody
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Description
Table 1: Key Discoveries Enabled by MPK4 Antibodies
Table 2: Performance Metrics for MPK4 Antibodies
Functional Insights from Antibody-Based Studies
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Immune Regulation: MPK4 phosphorylates MKS1, which interacts with WRKY25/WRKY33 to suppress salicylic acid (SA) signaling. mpk4 mutants show 4-fold higher SA levels and constitutive PR1 gene expression .
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Developmental Role: MPK4-GFP fusions localize to cell plates during cytokinesis. mpk4 mutants exhibit 25% shorter roots and 40% smaller rosettes due to defective cell division .
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Oxidative Stress: Proteomic studies reveal MPK4 modulates 11 antioxidant proteins (e.g., ascorbate peroxidases downregulated 2-fold in mpk4 roots) .
Product Specs
Buffer
Preservative: 0.03% Proclin 300
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Constituents: 50% Glycerol, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4
Form
Liquid
Lead Time
Made-to-order (14-16 weeks)
Synonyms
MPK4 antibody; At4g01370 antibody; F2N1.1 antibody; F2N1_2-t antibody; Mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 antibody; AtMPK4 antibody; MAP kinase 4 antibody; EC 2.7.11.24 antibody
Target Names
MPK4
Uniprot No.
Target Background
Function
The ANPs-MKK6-MPK4 module plays a crucial role in regulating plant cytokinesis during both meiosis and mitosis. It is essential for promoting cytokinesis progression and cellularization (formation of the cell plate) specifically during male meiosis. This module is involved in the organization and stabilization of cortical microtubules by modulating the phosphorylation state of microtubule-associated proteins such as MAP65-1. It also contributes to root hair development. Furthermore, MPK4 serves as a negative regulator of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and salicylic acid (SA)-mediated defense response, while being required for jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated defense gene expression. It potentially regulates the activity of transcription factors controlling pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression, seemingly independent of the SAR regulatory protein NPR1 (Nonexpresser of PR1). MPK4 phosphorylates MKS1 and the transcription factors WRKY25 and WRKY33. The MEKK1, MKK1/MKK2, and MPK4 collaborate in a signaling pathway that modulates the expression of genes responding to biotic and abiotic stresses. This pathway also plays a pivotal role in pathogen defense by negatively regulating innate immunity. MPK4 phosphorylates MEKK2 upon treatment with flg22. It is involved in stomatal movement regulation by repressing HT1 and HT1-mediated GHR1 phosphorylation.
Gene References Into Functions
- H2S inhibits stomatal opening under cold stress, a process that involves MPK4. This suggests that MPK4 is a downstream component of H2S-related cold-stress resistance, with both H2S and MPK4 regulating cold response genes and stomatal movement in response to cold stress. PMID: 29024849
- AvrRpt2 specifically blocks flagellin-induced activation of MPK4. PMID: 27208280
- Data indicate that MPK4 phosphorylation of MYB75 enhances its stability and is essential for light-induced anthocyanin accumulation. This research highlights the significant role of a MAPK pathway in light signal transduction. PMID: 27811015
- ASR3 functions as a transcriptional repressor regulated by microbe-associated molecular patterns-activated MPK4, fine-tuning plant immune gene expression. PMID: 25770109
- Mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 (MPK4) acts as a salicylic acid-independent regulator of growth in Arabidopsis, but does not influence photosynthesis. PMID: 24874867
- Arabidopsis MPK4 can interact with and be phosphorylated by the cytokinesis-related MAP kinase kinase, AtMKK6. PMID: 21575092
- MPK4 activity has been shown to compromise effector-triggered immunity conditioned by the Toll Interleukin-1 Receptor-nucleotide binding (NB)-Leu-rich repeat (LRR) receptors RPS4 and RPP4, but not by the coiled coil-NB-LRR receptors RPM1 and RPS2. PMID: 23115249
- MPK4 is demonstrably involved in the regulation of mitosis/cytokinesis through modulation of the cell division plane and cytokinetic progression. PMID: 21155826
- These findings suggest that MPK4 is the downstream target of MKK6/ANQ in regulating cytokinesis in Arabidopsis, and that MPK11 is also involved in this process. PMID: 21098735
- Pseudomonas syringae effector protein AvrB interacts with Arabidopsis MPK4 and the HSP90 chaperone. AvrB induces MPK4 activation, a process facilitated by HSP90. PMID: 20159621
- Elevated levels of sodium chloride inhibit the growth of mpk4 transgenic plants. The mekk1;mpk4 double-mutant combination results in seedling lethality. PMID: 17572407
- These data establish direct connections between MPK4 and innate immunity, providing an example of how a plant MAP kinase can regulate gene expression by releasing transcription factors in the nucleus upon activation. PMID: 18650934
Database Links
Protein Families
Protein kinase superfamily, CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family, MAP kinase subfamily
Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton.
Tissue Specificity
Ubiquitous. Expressed in the veins and stomatal guard cells of leaf plates, petioles, stem, roots and flowers.
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